{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:41:05Z","timestamp":1789674065281,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERA-NET NEURON","award":["BMBF 01EW1210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMBF 01EW1210"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tightly connected clusters of nodes, called communities, interact in a time-dependent manner in brain functional connectivity networks (FCN) to support complex cognitive functions. However, little is known if and how different nodes synchronize their neural interactions to form functional communities (\u201cmodules\u201d) during visual processing and if and how this modularity changes postlesion (progression or recovery) following neuromodulation. Using the damaged optic nerve as a paradigm, we now studied brain FCN modularity dynamics to better understand module interactions and dynamic reconfigurations before and after neuromodulation with noninvasive repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS). We found that in both patients and controls, local intermodule interactions correlated with visual performance. However, patients\u2019 recovery of vision after treatment with rtACS was associated with improved interaction strength of pathways linked to the attention module, and it improved global modularity and increased the stability of FCN. Our results show that temporal coordination of multiple cortical modules and intermodule interaction are functionally relevant for visual processing. This modularity can be neuromodulated with tACS, which induces a more optimal balanced and stable multilayer modular structure for visual processing by enhancing the interaction of neural pathways with the attention network module.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T14:49:04Z","timestamp":1664981344000},"page":"4729-4739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Global brain network modularity dynamics after local optic nerve damage following noninvasive brain stimulation: an EEG-tracking study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4207-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty,\u00a0Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg , Haus 65, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg 39120 , Germany"},{"name":"Data and Knowledge Engineering Group , Faculty of Computer Science, , Gebaeude 29, Universitaetsplatz 2,\u00a0Magdeburg 39106 , Germany"},{"name":"Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg , Faculty of Computer Science, , Gebaeude 29, Universitaetsplatz 2,\u00a0Magdeburg 39106 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3672-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty,\u00a0Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg , Haus 65, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg 39120 , Germany"},{"name":"Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research , Department Neurology and Stroke, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, T\u00fcbingen 72076 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4311-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"N\u00fcrnberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data and Knowledge Engineering Group , Faculty of Computer Science, , Gebaeude 29, Universitaetsplatz 2,\u00a0Magdeburg 39106 , Germany"},{"name":"Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg , Faculty of Computer Science, , Gebaeude 29, Universitaetsplatz 2,\u00a0Magdeburg 39106 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4472-5543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard A","family":"Sabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty,\u00a0Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg , Haus 65, Leipziger Strasse 44, Magdeburg 39120 , 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