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Morphometric studies in adults with BD are well established; however, few have examined cortical changes in pediatric BD (PBD). Additionally, the correlation between cortical thickness (CT) changes in PBD and gene expression remains elusive. Here, we performed an integrative analysis using neuroimaging data from 58 PBD individuals and the Allen human brain transcriptomic dataset. We applied partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis on structural MRI data and cortical gene expression, enrichment and specific cell type analysis to investigate the genetic correlates of CT alterations in PBD. We found the expression levels of PBD-related genes showed significant spatial correlations with CT differences. Further enrichment and specific cell type analysis revealed that transcriptome signatures associated with cortical thinning were enriched in synaptic signaling, ion channels, astrocytes, and excitatory neurons. Neurodevelopmental patterns of these genes showed significantly increased expression in the cerebellum, cortex, and subcortical regions during the adolescence period. These results highlight neurodevelopmental transcriptional changes could account for most of the observed correlations with CT differences in PBD, which offers a novel perspective to understand biological conceptualization mechanisms for the genetic correlates of CT alterations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:55:46Z","timestamp":1679014546000},"page":"7540-7552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cortical thickness alterations are associated with astrocytes and excitatory neuron-specific transcriptome signatures in pediatric bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , No. 706 Taishan Street, Tai\u2019an 271000 , China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weijia","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Psychology, The Children\u2019 s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weifang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinpeng","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongxin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanghui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruhai","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , No. 706 Taishan Street, Tai\u2019an 271000 , China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 619 Changcheng Road, Tai\u2019an 271016 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linyan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University , No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangming","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University , No. 305 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023061506415448200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.09.008","article-title":"Longitudinal structural brain changes in bipolar disorder: a 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