{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:23:35Z","timestamp":1784831015704,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"15","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013130","name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNRM-70-8956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNRM-70-8956"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013130","name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["USU- PAT-74-3439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USU- PAT-74-3439"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-13-2-0018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-13-2-0018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"USUHS Department of Laboratory of Animal Resources and the Preclinical Studies Core"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007188","name":"Uniformed Services University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013130","name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We studied the effect of multimodal traumatic brain injuries on daily sleep\/activity patterns and related histology. Gyrencephalic ferrets wore actigraphs and received military-relevant brain injuries including shockwaves, strong rotational impact, and variable stress, which were evaluated up to 6\u00a0months post injury. Sham and Baseline animals exhibited activity patterns occurring in distinct clusters of high activity, interspersed with periods of low activity. In the Injury and Injury + Stress groups, activity clusters diminished and overall activity patterns became significantly more dispersed at 4\u00a0weeks post injury with significant sleep fragmentation. Additionally, the Injury + Stress group exhibited a significant decrease in daytime high activity up to 4\u00a0months post injury. At 4\u00a0weeks post injury, the reactive astrocyte (GFAP) immunoreactivity was significantly greater in both the injury groups compared to Sham, but did not differ at 6\u00a0months post injury. The intensity of immunoreactivity of the astrocytic endfeet that surround blood vessels (visualized with aquaporin 4; AQP4), however, differed significantly from Sham at 4\u00a0weeks post injury (in both injured groups) and at 6\u00a0months (Injury + Stress only). As the distribution of AQP4 plays a key role in the glymphatic system, we suggest that glymphatic disruption occurs in ferrets after the injuries described here.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T13:29:51Z","timestamp":1686662991000},"page":"9263-9279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Actigraphic evidence of persistent sleep disruption following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in a gyrencephalic model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5435-2448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan C","family":"Schwerin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation , Bethesda, MD 20817 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Breehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation , Bethesda, MD 20817 , USA"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adedunsola","family":"Obasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation , Bethesda, MD 20817 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation , Bethesda, MD 20817 , USA"},{"name":"Preclinical Behavior and Modeling Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"McCabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation , Bethesda, MD 20817 , USA"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Preclinical Behavior and Modeling Core, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel P","family":"Perl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Dept Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pathology"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University Brain Tissue Repository , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus","family":"Haight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA"},{"name":"Henry M. 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