{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:01:49Z","timestamp":1784804509866,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2020-04080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2020-04080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008240","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et Culture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-RS4-203287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-RS4-203287"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008645","name":"Centre for Research on Brain Language and Music","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Blema and Arnold Steinberg Family Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Phonological working memory (PWM) is important for language learning and processing. The most studied language brain regions are the classical Broca\u2019s area on the inferior frontal gyrus and Wernicke\u2019s area on the posterior temporal region and their anatomical connection via the classic arcuate fasciculus (AF) referred to here as the ventral AF (AFv). However, areas on the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) are essential for PWM processes. There is also a dorsal branch of the AF (AFd) that specifically links the posterior temporal region with the MFG. Furthermore, there is the temporo-frontal extreme capsule fasciculus (TFexcF) that courses ventrally and links intermediate temporal areas with the lateral prefrontal cortex. The AFv, AFd and TFexcF were dissected virtually in the same participants who performed a PWM task in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. The results showed that good performance on the PWM task was exclusively related to the properties of the left AFd, which specifically links area 8A (known to be involved in attentional aspects of executive control) with the posterior temporal region. The TFexcF, consistent with its known anatomical connection, was related to brain activation in area 9\/46v of the MFG that is critical for monitoring the information in memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T03:53:48Z","timestamp":1688097228000},"page":"9554-9565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The importance of the dorsal branch of the arcuate fasciculus in phonological working memory"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Elise B","family":"Barbeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Unit , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"McGill University , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University , 3801 University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4 , Canada"},{"name":"Center for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM) , Montreal, QC, H3G 2A8 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanna","family":"Kousaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Unit , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"McGill University , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University , 3801 University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4 , Canada"},{"name":"Center for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM) , Montreal, QC, H3G 2A8 , Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences , School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanontienentha","family":"Brass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Unit , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"McGill University , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Descoteaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sherbrooke , 2500 Boulevard de l\u2019Universit\u00e9, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 0A5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Petrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Unit , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"McGill University , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University , 3801 University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4 , Canada"},{"name":"Center for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM) , Montreal, QC, H3G 2A8 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, McGill University , 2001 Avenue McGill College, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Unit , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"McGill University , Montreal Neurological Institute, , 3801 University Street, Montreal , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University , 3801 University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4 , Canada"},{"name":"Center for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM) , Montreal, QC, H3G 2A8 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1080\/713755610","article-title":"Phonological working memory and spoken language development in young children","volume":"49","author":"Adams","year":"1996","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3802.403","article-title":"Phonological working memory and speech production in preschool children","volume":"38","author":"Adams","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.105.1.158","article-title":"The phonological loop as a language learning device","volume":"105","author":"Baddeley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8186","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64124-y","article-title":"Dissociating the white matter tracts connecting the temporo-parietal cortical region with frontal cortex using diffusion tractography","volume":"10","author":"Barbeau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2001.01737.x","article-title":"Selective activation of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in the human brain during active retrieval processing","volume":"14","author":"Cadoret","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15265","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403703101","article-title":"Left insula activation: a marker for language attainment in bilinguals","volume":"101","author":"Chee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.2004424","article-title":"Deterministic and probabilistic tractography based on complex fibre orientation distributions","volume":"28","author":"Descoteaux","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008186801932","article-title":"The role of phonological memory, word recognition, and comprehension skills in reading development: from preschool to grade 2","volume":"14","author":"Dufva","year":"2001","journal-title":"Read Writ"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2014.00008","article-title":"Dipy, a library for the analysis of diffusion MRI data","volume":"8","author":"Garyfallidis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neuroinform"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03174081","article-title":"Phonological working memory: a critical building block for reading dand vocabulary acquisition?","volume":"8","author":"Gathercole","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol Educ"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.05.057","article-title":"The ventral part of dorsolateral frontal area 8A regulates visual attentional selection and the dorsal part auditory attentional selection","volume":"441","author":"Germann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/13158","article-title":"Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study","volume":"2","author":"Giedd","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.04.074","article-title":"Towards quantitative connectivity analysis: reducing tractography biases","volume":"98","author":"Girard","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.01.033","article-title":"Imaging speech production using fMRI","volume":"26","author":"Gracco","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2018.04.007","article-title":"A critical period for second language acquisition: evidence from 2\/3 million English speakers","volume":"177","author":"Hartshorne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2003.10.011","article-title":"Dorsal and ventral streams: a framework for understanding aspects of the functional anatomy of language","volume":"92","author":"Hickok","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac454","article-title":"Beyond Broca: neural architecture and evolution of a dual motor speech coordination system","volume":"146","author":"Hickok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.7.2899","article-title":"The neural substrates underlying word generation: a bilingual functional-imaging study","volume":"92","author":"Klein","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3275","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199710200-00017","article-title":"Obligatory role of the LIFG in synonym generation: evidence from PET and cortical stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Klein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20174","article-title":"Word and nonword repetition in bilingual subjects: a PET study","volume":"27","author":"Klein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520432113","article-title":"Selective memory retrieval of auditory what and auditory where involves the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"113","author":"Kostopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2017.06.003","article-title":"Simultaneous learning of two languages from birth positively impacts intrinsic functional connectivity and cognitive control","volume":"117","author":"Kousaie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108081","article-title":"Bilingual language experience and the neural underpinnings of working memory","volume":"163","author":"Kousaie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2005.00365.x","article-title":"Components of short-term memory and their relation to language processing: evidence from neuropsychology and neuroimaging","volume":"14","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5409.1908","article-title":"Structural maturation of neural pathways in children and adolescents: in vivo study","volume":"283","author":"Paus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_JSLHR-L-15-0446","article-title":"Phonological working memory for words and nonwords in cerebral cortex","volume":"60","author":"Perrachione","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/3136.003.0021","volume-title":"From monkey brain to human brain","author":"Petrides","year":"2005"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref28","first-page":"2","volume-title":"Neuroscience of Rule-Guided Behavior","author":"Petrides","year":"2008"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref29","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Principles of frontal lobe function","author":"Petrides","year":"2013","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref30","volume-title":"Neuroanatomy of language regions of the human brain","author":"Petrides","year":"2014."},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-397025-1.00241-4","article-title":"Lateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the control of cognition","volume":"2","author":"Petrides","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Mapping: An Encyclopedic Reference"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902280110","article-title":"Projections to the frontal cortex from the posterior parietal region in the rhesus monkey","volume":"228","author":"Petrides","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00518.x","article-title":"Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis in the human and the macaque brain and corticocortical connection patterns","volume":"11","author":"Petrides","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195134971.003.0003","volume-title":"Principles of frontal lobe function","author":"Petrides","year":"2002"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2001.02090.x","article-title":"Comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis of the human and the macaque ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and corticocortical connection patterns in the monkey","volume":"16","author":"Petrides","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21048","article-title":"Efferent association pathways originating in the caudal prefrontal cortex in the macaque monkey","volume":"498","author":"Petrides","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5803","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.13.5803","article-title":"Functional activation of the human ventrolateral frontal cortex during mnemonic retrieval of verbal information","volume":"92","author":"Petrides","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10073","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10073","article-title":"Past experience shapes ongoing neural patterns for language","volume":"6","author":"Pierce","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716417000236","article-title":"Variations in phonological working memory: linking early language experiences and language learning outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Pierce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl Psycholinguist"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref40","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2017.00042","article-title":"Visualization, interaction and Tractometry: dealing with millions of streamlines from diffusion MRI Tractography","volume":"11","author":"Rheault","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neuroinform"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.050","article-title":"Modelling neural correlates of working memory: a coordinate-based meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Rottschy","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18035","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805234105","article-title":"Ventral and dorsal pathways for language","volume":"105","author":"Saur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1037\/h0020586","article-title":"Auditory S-R compatibility: the effect of an irrelevant cue on information processing","volume":"51","author":"Simon","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.05.006","article-title":"The laryngeal motor cortex: its organization and connectivity","volume":"28","author":"Simonyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410386727","article-title":"Laryngeal motor cortex and control of speech in humans","volume":"17","author":"Simonyan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref47","first-page":"125","article-title":"Verbal distinctive associated with lesions of the left face area","volume":"13","author":"Taylor","year":"1975","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.101.2.192","article-title":"The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the Acquisition of Reading-Skills","volume":"101","author":"Wagner","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref49","volume-title":"Wechsler adult intelligence scale\u2014fourth edition administration and scoring manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"2008."},{"key":"2023081619052811000_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2013.00090","article-title":"Learning, neural plasticity and sensitive periods: implications for language acquisition, music training and transfer across the lifespan","volume":"7","author":"White","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Cerebral Cortex"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-pdf\/33\/16\/9554\/51052007\/bhad226.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-pdf\/33\/16\/9554\/51052007\/bhad226.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T19:06:14Z","timestamp":1692212774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article\/33\/16\/9554\/7210266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhad226","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-3211","1460-2199"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-3211","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2199","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]}}}