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Our previous study proved that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) could increase cortical hemodynamics. However, the effects and mechanisms of LIPUS on cerebral vascular remodeling after CIS are still unknown. In this study, we applied LIPUS to the mouse brain at 0.5\u00a0h after distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) and subsequently daily for a stimulation time of 30\u00a0min. Results showed that compared with the dMCAO group, LIPUS markedly increased cerebral blood flow (CBF), reduced brain swelling, and improved functional recovery at day 3 after CIS. LIPUS promoted leptomeningeal vasculature remodeling, enlarged vascular diameter, and increased the average vessel length and density at day 3 after CIS. Proteomic analysis highlighted that LIPUS mainly participated in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway. Rho kinase 1 (ROCK1) was downregulated by LIPUS and participated in regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Subsequently, we verified that ROCK1 was mainly expressed in pericytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LIPUS inhibited ROCK1\/p-MLC2 signaling pathway after CIS, which had positive effects on vascular remodeling and cerebral blood circulation. In conclusion, our preliminary study revealed the vascular remodeling effects and mechanism of LIPUS in CIS, provided evidence for potential clinical application of LIPUS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T04:18:38Z","timestamp":1695961118000},"page":"10984-10996","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Protective effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) against cerebral ischemic stroke in mice by promoting brain vascular remodeling via the inhibition of ROCK1\/p-MLC2 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1794-1777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000 , China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011 , China"},{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3872-0348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000 , China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2459-866X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University , 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