{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T22:06:50Z","timestamp":1764194810919,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011757","name":"Social Trends Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2022ZD0208500","#2022ZD0211400","#2022ZD0208900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2022ZD0208500","#2022ZD0211400","#2022ZD0208900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011757","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#62103085","#U19A2082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#62103085","#U19A2082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key R&D projects of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","award":["#23ZDYF0961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#23ZDYF0961"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Foundation of Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","award":["#2021LY21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2021LY21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Working memory, which is foundational to higher cognitive function, is the \u201csketchpad of volitional control.\u201d Successful working memory is the inevitable outcome of the individual\u2019s active control and manipulation of thoughts and turning them into internal goals during which the causal brain processes information in real time. However, little is known about the dynamic causality among distributed brain regions behind thought control that underpins successful working memory. In our present study, given that correct responses and incorrect ones did not differ in either contralateral delay activity or alpha suppression, further rooting on the high-temporal-resolution EEG time-varying directed network analysis, we revealed that successful working memory depended on both much stronger top-down connections from the frontal to the temporal lobe and bottom-up linkages from the occipital to the temporal lobe, during the early maintenance period, as well as top-down flows from the frontal lobe to the central areas as the delay behavior approached. Additionally, the correlation between behavioral performance and casual interactions increased over time, especially as memory-guided delayed behavior approached. Notably, when using the network metrics as features, time-resolved multiple linear regression of overall behavioral accuracy was exactly achieved as delayed behavior approached. These results indicate that accurate memory depends on dynamic switching of causal network connections and shifting to more task-related patterns during which the appropriate intervention may help enhance memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhad467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T04:37:15Z","timestamp":1702010235000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The dynamic causality brain network reflects whether the working memory is solidified"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6002-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunli","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610072 , China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital , Chengdu 610072 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanlin","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baodan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Brain and Psychological Science, Sichuan Normal University , Chengdu 610000 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dezhong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2450-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fali","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"},{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Center for Information in Medicine, , Chengdu 611731 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2024011817211661000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1109\/10.668741","article-title":"Adaptive ar modeling of nonstationary time series by means of kalman filtering","volume":"45","author":"Arnold","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1912034117","article-title":"Development of structure\u2013function coupling in human brain networks during youth","volume":"117","author":"Baum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12057-0","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of interregional cortical communication by slow brain oscillations during working memory","volume":"10","author":"Berger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"37","key":"2024011817211661000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11678","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1422487112","article-title":"Dynamic reconfiguration of frontal brain networks during executive cognition in humans","volume":"112","author":"Braun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3478","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23694-9","article-title":"Brain network dynamics during working memory are modulated by dopamine and diminished in schizophrenia","volume":"12","author":"Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23509-x","article-title":"Dynamic causal brain circuits during working memory and their functional controllability","volume":"12","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00401","article-title":"Working memory from the psychological and neurosciences perspectives: a review","volume":"9","author":"Chai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.01.057","article-title":"Introducing co-activation pattern metrics to quantify spontaneous brain network dynamics","volume":"111","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024011817211661000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.12.007","article-title":"The distributed nature of working memory","volume":"21","author":"Christophel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"48","key":"2024011817211661000_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12083","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2965-15.2016","article-title":"The segregation and integration of distinct brain networks and their relationship to cognition","volume":"36","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091517-034202","article-title":"The organization and operation of inferior temporal cortex","volume":"4","author":"Conway","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024011817211661000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"073029","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/7\/073029","article-title":"Structure of triadic relations in multiplex networks","volume":"17","author":"Cozzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"New J Phys"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010814-015031","article-title":"The cognitive neuroscience of working memory","volume":"66","author":"D'Esposito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024011817211661000_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.11.006","article-title":"Oscillatory control over representational states in working memory","volume":"24","author":"Vries","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00180","article-title":"Neural correlates of verbal working memory: an fmri meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Emch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15631-z","article-title":"Dynamic reconfiguration of functional brain networks during working memory training","volume":"11","author":"Finc","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.05.040","article-title":"Brain network segregation and integration during an epoch-related working memory fmri experiment","volume":"178","author":"Fransson","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024011817211661000_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90304-6","article-title":"Cellular basis of working memory","volume":"14","author":"Goldman-Rakic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20842","article-title":"Somatosensory working memory performance in humans depends on both engagement and disengagement of regions in a distributed network","volume":"31","author":"Haegens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024011817211661000_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.02.006","article-title":"A midbrain-thalamus-cortex circuit reorganizes cortical dynamics to initiate movement","volume":"185","author":"Inagaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024011817211661000_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2004274","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2004274","article-title":"Dynamic frontotemporal systems process space and time in working memory","volume":"16","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2018.00065","article-title":"Spectral imprints of working memory for everyday associations in the frontoparietal network","volume":"12","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024011817211661000_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4509","article-title":"Persistently active neurons in human medial frontal and medial temporal lobe support working memory","volume":"20","author":"Kami\u0144ski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"28","key":"2024011817211661000_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7491","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0822-06.2006","article-title":"Multisensory activation of the intraparietal area when classifying grating orientation: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"26","author":"Kitada","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024011817211661000_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.02.013","article-title":"Persistent single-neuron activity during working memory in the human medial temporal lobe","volume":"27","author":"Kornblith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-014-1503-7","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex and sensory cortices during working memory: quantity and quality","volume":"31","author":"Ku","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2016.00087","article-title":"Mapping of the underlying neural mechanisms of maintenance and manipulation in visuo-spatial working memory using an n-back mental rotation task: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"10","author":"Lamp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2015.00173","article-title":"The role of prefrontal cortex in working memory: a mini review","volume":"9","author":"Lara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2022.02.005","article-title":"Parietal and medial temporal lobe interactions in working memory goal-directed behavior","volume":"150","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024011817211661000_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.09.081","article-title":"Rhythmic working memory activation in the human hippocampus","volume":"13","author":"Leszczy\u0144ski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024011817211661000_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2016.2523678","article-title":"The time-varying networks in p300: a task-evoked eeg study","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"01","key":"2024011817211661000_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850016","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065718500168","article-title":"The dynamic brain networks of motor imagery: time-varying causality analysis of scalp eeg","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Neural Syst"},{"issue":"33","key":"2024011817211661000_ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Which lag length selection criteria should we employ?","volume":"3","author":"Liew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Econ Bull"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.01.003","article-title":"The contralateral delay activity as a neural measure of visual working memory","volume":"62","author":"Luria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2015.00166","article-title":"Working memory in the service of executive control functions","volume":"9","author":"Mansouri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70447-7","article-title":"Electrophysiological measures of maintaining representations in visual working memory","volume":"43","author":"McCollough","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.167","article-title":"An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024011817211661000_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.09.023","article-title":"Working memory 2.0","volume":"100","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024011817211661000_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-017-4917-4","article-title":"How do the two visual streams interact with each other?","volume":"235","author":"Milner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2016.05.003","article-title":"From regions to connections and networks: new bridges between brain and behavior","volume":"40","author":"Mi\u0161i\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00328","article-title":"Frontal structural neural correlates of working memory performance in older adults","volume":"8","author":"Nissim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref41","article-title":"Working memory and attention\u2014a conceptual analysis and review","volume":"2","author":"Oberauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cogn"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024011817211661000_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20131","article-title":"N-back working memory paradigm: a meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies","volume":"25","author":"Owen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"6158","key":"2024011817211661000_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238411","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1238411","article-title":"Structural and functional brain networks: from connections to cognition","volume":"342","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2018.03.009","article-title":"Suppression of no-longer relevant information in working memory: an alpha-power related mechanism?","volume":"135","author":"Poch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024011817211661000_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.03.056","article-title":"A comparative study of different references for eeg default mode network: the use of the infinity reference","volume":"121","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024011817211661000_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2015.2482121","article-title":"The connected brain: causality, models, and intrinsic dynamics","volume":"33","author":"Razi","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process Mag"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024011817211661000_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.02.065","article-title":"Causal evidence for a role of theta and alpha oscillations in the control of working memory","volume":"30","author":"Riddle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.05.068","article-title":"Brain activity related to working memory for temporal order and object information","volume":"354","author":"Roberts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"6316","key":"2024011817211661000_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah7011","article-title":"Reactivation of latent working memories with transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"354","author":"Rose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024011817211661000_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003","article-title":"Complex network measures of brain connectivity: uses and interpretations","volume":"52","author":"Rubinov","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.05.010","article-title":"Effect of transcranial electrical stimulation over the posterior parietal cortex on tactile spatial discrimination performance","volume":"494","author":"Saito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.09.001","article-title":"Alpha keeps it together: alpha oscillatory synchrony underlies working memory maintenance in young children","volume":"34","author":"Sato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116096","article-title":"Common cortical architectures for phonological working memory identified in individual brains","volume":"202","author":"Scott","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024011817211661000_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy294","article-title":"Different decision-making responses occupy different brain networks for information processing: a study based on EEG and TMS","volume":"29","author":"Si","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024011817211661000_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0176-7","article-title":"The what, where and how of delay activity","volume":"20","author":"Sreenivasan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00437","article-title":"Spectral entropy can predict changes of working memory performance reduced by short-time training in the delayed-match-to-sample task","volume":"11","author":"Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024011817211661000_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00765","article-title":"Working memory delay activity predicts individual differences in cognitive abilities","volume":"27","author":"Unsworth","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024011817211661000_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(03)00056-3","article-title":"Cerebral lateralization of spatial abilities: a meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Vogel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024011817211661000_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01637","article-title":"Stimulus-induced alpha suppression tracks the difficulty of attentional selection, not visual working memory storage","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024011817211661000_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2008.919885","article-title":"Estimation of time-varying connectivity patterns through the use of an adaptive directed transfer function","volume":"55","author":"Wilke","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024011817211661000_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4546","article-title":"Dynamic hidden states underlying working-memory-guided behavior","volume":"20","author":"Wolff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024011817211661000_ref63","first-page":"971","article-title":"Improved noninvasive intracranial pressure assessment with nonlinear kernel regression","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024011817211661000_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2305159","article-title":"Differentiating between psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and epilepsy based on common spatial pattern of weighted EEG resting networks","volume":"61","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.11.036","article-title":"Functional connectivity among multi-channel EEGs when working memory load reaches the capacity","volume":"1631","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.04.030","article-title":"Structural and functional correlates of motor imagery bci performance: insights from the patterns of fronto-parietal attention network","volume":"134","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2024011817211661000_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2017.00077","article-title":"Time-varying networks of inter-ictal discharging reveal epileptogenic zone","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Comput Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024011817211661000_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026039","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab7f50","article-title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of working memory under the influence of emotions based on eeg","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"}],"container-title":["Cerebral Cortex"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-pdf\/34\/1\/bhad467\/56132319\/bhad467.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-pdf\/34\/1\/bhad467\/56132319\/bhad467.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T17:21:57Z","timestamp":1705598517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhad467\/7461979"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhad467","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-3211","1460-2199"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1047-3211"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1460-2199"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"article-number":"bhad467"}}