{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:38:14Z","timestamp":1791423494807,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL116585-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL116585-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007857","name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020056","name":"A. James and Alice B. Clark Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Epidemiologic studies suggest that prenatal exposures to certain viruses may influence early neurodevelopment, predisposing offspring to neuropsychiatric conditions later in life. The long-term effects of maternal COVID-19 infection in pregnancy on early brain development, however, remain largely unknown. We prospectively enrolled infants in an observational cohort study for a single-site study in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area from June 2020 to November 2021 and compared these infants to pre-pandemic controls (studied March 2014\u2013February 2020). The primary outcomes are measures of cortical morphometry (tissue-specific volumes), along with global and regional measures of local gyrification index, and sulcal depth. We studied 210 infants (55 infants of COVID-19 unexposed mothers, 47 infants of COVID-19-positive mothers, and 108 pre-pandemic healthy controls). We found increased cortical gray matter volume (182.45\u2009\u00b1\u20094.81 vs. 167.29\u2009\u00b1\u20092.92) and accelerated sulcal depth of the frontal lobe (5.01\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19 vs. 4.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13) in infants of COVID-19-positive mothers compared to controls. We found additional differences in infants of COVID-19 unexposed mothers, suggesting both maternal viral exposures, as well as non-viral stressors associated with the pandemic, may influence early development and warrant ongoing follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T19:07:11Z","timestamp":1708628831000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Intrauterine exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early newborn brain development"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Nickie","family":"Andescavage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Children\u2019s National Hospital , 111 Michigavn Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"George Washington University , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Chiao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kushal","family":"Kapse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye Ste. NW, Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"George Washington University , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye Ste. NW, Washington, DC 20052 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Von Kohorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Holy Cross Hospital , 1500 Forest Glen Rd. Silver Spring, MD 20910 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Afifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital-Based Regional Neonatology at Woodbridge, Children\u2019s National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Vezina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deidtra","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L","family":"Wessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"George Washington University , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"Critical Care Medicine, Children\u2019s National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adre J","family":"du Plessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"George Washington University , School of Medicine and Health Sciences, , 2300 Eye St. NW Washington, DC 20052 , United States"},{"name":"Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children\u2019s National Hospital , 111 Michigan Ave. NW Washington, DC 20010 , United 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