{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:05:40Z","timestamp":1792155940630,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas","award":["CB06\/05\/0066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB06\/05\/0066"]}]},{"name":"CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI) Cajal Blue Brain"},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation","award":["785907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["785907"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation","award":["945539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945539"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The basic building block of the cerebral cortex, the pyramidal cell, has been shown to be characterized by a markedly different dendritic structure among layers, cortical areas, and species. Functionally, differences in the structure of their dendrites and axons are critical in determining how neurons integrate information. However, within the human cortex, these neurons have not been quantified in detail. In the present work, we performed intracellular injections of Lucifer Yellow and 3D reconstructed over 200 pyramidal neurons, including apical and basal dendritic and local axonal arbors and dendritic spines, from human occipital primary visual area and associative temporal cortex. We found that human pyramidal neurons from temporal cortex were larger, displayed more complex apical and basal structural organization, and had more spines compared to those in primary sensory cortex. Moreover, these human neocortical neurons displayed specific shared and distinct characteristics in comparison to previously published human hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Additionally, we identified distinct morphological features in human neurons that set them apart from mouse neurons. Lastly, we observed certain consistent organizational patterns shared across species. This study emphasizes the existing diversity within pyramidal cell structures across different cortical areas and species, suggesting substantial species-specific variations in their computational properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T11:33:59Z","timestamp":1713440039000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Key morphological features of human pyramidal neurons"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Benavides-Piccione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Avda. Doctor Arce 37 , Madrid 28002 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , ISCIII, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid 28031 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Blazquez-Llorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , ISCIII, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid 28031 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Fot\u00f3nica y Bioingenier\u00eda , ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, , Madrid 28040 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid , ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, , Madrid 28040 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asta","family":"Kastanauskaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Fernaud-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Avda. Doctor Arce 37 , Madrid 28002 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Tapia-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda Celular , Facultad de Medicina, , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities , Facultad de Medicina, , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"DeFelipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarc\u00f3n , Centro de Tecnolog\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, , Madrid 28223 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Avda. Doctor Arce 37 , Madrid 28002 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , ISCIII, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid 28031 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2024121909261398100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2005.11.008","article-title":"The expression of wild-type human amyloid precursor protein affects the dendritic phenotype of neocortical pyramidal neurons in transgenic mice","volume":"24","author":"Alp\u00e1r","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024121909261398100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-071714-033936","article-title":"General cortical and special prefrontal connections: principles from structure to 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