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We investigated this question by training patients with body dysmorphic disorder, a psychiatric disorder characterized by distressing or impairing preoccupation with nonexistent or slight defects in one\u2019s physical appearance, and healthy controls on a visual detection task for human faces with low spatial frequency components. Brain activation during task performance was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging before the beginning and after the end of behavioral training. Both groups of participants improved performance on the trained task to a similar extent. However, neuronal changes in the fusiform face area were substantially different between groups such that activation for low spatial frequency faces in the right fusiform face area increased after training in body dysmorphic disorder patients but decreased in controls. Moreover, functional connectivity between left and right fusiform face area decreased after training in patients but increased in controls. Our results indicate that neuronal mechanisms involved in perceptual learning of a face detection task differ fundamentally between body dysmorphic disorder patients and controls. Such different neuronal mechanisms in body dysmorphic disorder patients might reflect the brain\u2019s adaptations to altered functions imposed by the psychiatric disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T04:26:09Z","timestamp":1716783969000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Learning of the same task subserved by substantially different mechanisms between patients with body dysmorphic disorder and healthy individuals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0099-5362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United States"},{"name":"Brown University , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United 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Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg Bavaria 93053 , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United States"},{"name":"Brown University , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sheinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University , 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903 , United States"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Brown University , 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharine A","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University , 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903 , United States"},{"name":"Present address: Department of Psychiatry , Weill Cornell Medicine, , 15 E 62nd Street 5th Floor, New York, NY 10065 , United States"},{"name":"Cornell University , Weill Cornell Medicine, , 15 E 62nd Street 5th Floor, New York, NY 10065 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United States"},{"name":"Brown University , Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, , 190 Thayer Street, Providence, RI 02912 , United 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