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Although the mesocircuit model has implicated the pallidocortical circuit as one such network, this circuit has not been extensively evaluated to identify network-level electrophysiological changes related to loss of consciousness (LOC). We characterize changes in the mesocircuit in awake versus propofol-induced LOC in humans by directly simultaneously recording from sensorimotor cortices (S1\/M1) and globus pallidus interna and externa (GPi\/GPe) in 12 patients with Parkinson disease undergoing deep brain stimulator implantation. Propofol-induced LOC is associated with increases in local power up to 20\u00a0Hz in GPi, 35\u00a0Hz in GPe, and 100\u00a0Hz in S1\/M1. LOC is likewise marked by increased pallidocortical alpha synchrony across all nodes, with increased alpha\/low beta Granger causal (GC) flow from GPe to all other nodes. In contrast, LOC is associated with decreased network-wide beta coupling and beta GC from M1 to the rest of the network. Results implicate an important and possibly central role of GPe in mediating LOC-related increases in alpha power, supporting a significant role of the GPe in modulating cortico-subcortical circuits for consciousness. Simultaneous LOC-related suppression of beta synchrony highlights that distinct oscillatory frequencies act independently, conveying unique network activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]],"date-time":"2024-06-08T11:35:37Z","timestamp":1717846537000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Globus pallidus externus drives increase in network-wide alpha power with propofol-induced loss-of-consciousness in humans"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4137-2137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmine A","family":"Thum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles , 300 Stein Plaza, Suite 540, Los Angeles, CA 90095 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Malekmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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