{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:32:13Z","timestamp":1789104733815,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The visual word form area in the occipitotemporal sulcus (here OTS-words) is crucial for reading and shows a preference for text stimuli. We hypothesized that this text preference may be driven by lexical processing. Hence, we performed three fMRI experiments (n\u2009=\u200915), systematically varying participants\u2019 task and stimulus, and separately evaluated middle mOTS-words and posterior pOTS-words. Experiment 1 contrasted text with other visual stimuli to identify both OTS-words subregions. Experiment 2 utilized an fMRI adaptation paradigm, presenting compound words as texts or emojis. In experiment 3, participants performed a lexical or color judgment task on compound words in text or emoji format. In experiment 2, pOTS-words, but not mOTS-words, showed fMRI adaptation for compound words in both formats. In experiment 3, both subregions showed higher responses to compound words in emoji format. Moreover, mOTS-words showed higher responses during the lexical judgment task and a task\u2013stimulus interaction. Multivariate analyses revealed that distributed responses in pOTS-words encode stimulus and distributed responses in mOTS-words encode stimulus and task. Together, our findings suggest that the function of the OTS-words subregions goes beyond the specific visual processing of text and that these regions are flexibly recruited whenever semantic meaning needs to be assigned to visual input.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T01:43:33Z","timestamp":1724809413000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Both mOTS-words and pOTS-words prefer emoji stimuli over text stimuli during a lexical judgment task"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7993-2078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexia","family":"Dalski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg , Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 18, Marburg 35032 , Germany"},{"name":"Center for Mind , Brain and Behavior\u2014CMBB, and Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt Hans-Meerwein-Stra\u00dfe 6, Marburg 35032, Germany"},{"name":"Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Giessen , Brain and Behavior\u2014CMBB, and Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt Hans-Meerwein-Stra\u00dfe 6, Marburg 35032, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9984-1031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Kular","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University , 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia G","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University , 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5404-9606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalanit","family":"Grill-Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University , 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305 , United States"},{"name":"Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University , 288 Stanford Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8653-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mareike","family":"Grotheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg , Gutenbergstra\u00dfe 18, Marburg 35032 , Germany"},{"name":"Center for Mind , Brain and Behavior\u2014CMBB, and Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt Hans-Meerwein-Stra\u00dfe 6, Marburg 35032, Germany"},{"name":"Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Giessen , Brain and Behavior\u2014CMBB, and Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt Hans-Meerwein-Stra\u00dfe 6, Marburg 35032, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2024082801431119000_ref1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Are emojis creating a new or old visual language for new generations? 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