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This study tracks the neurophysiological signatures of both using time\u2013frequency transformation and beamforming in n\u2009=\u200934 healthy individuals. We show that discarding an action plan reduces working memory load, with stronger initial theta band activity compared to withholding it. This oscillatory difference was localized in the (para-)hippocampus and anterior temporal lobe, likely reflecting the need to dissolve action plan features first to enable the following decrease of working memory load. Contrary, when exposed to the embedded stimulus, withholding was associated with higher theta, alpha, and beta band activity relative to discarding. This study advances our understanding of inhibition by revealing distinct neurophysiological mechanisms and functional neuroanatomical structures involved in withholding versus discarding an action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaf026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]],"date-time":"2025-02-09T22:10:51Z","timestamp":1739139051000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Neurophysiological profiles underlying action withholding and action discarding"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Roula","family":"Jamous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden , Fetscherstrasse 74, 01309 Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viola","family":"Mocke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of W\u00fcrzburg , R\u00f6ntgenring 11, 90970 W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Kunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of W\u00fcrzburg , R\u00f6ntgenring 11, 90970 W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7364-4702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Past\u00f6tter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Psychology and Methodology, University of Trier , Universit\u00e4tsring 15, 54296 Trier ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Beste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden , Fetscherstrasse 74, 01309 Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for 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