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This study, inspired by the psychophysiological interaction (PPI) method, addresses its limitations and provides a robust approach for assessing task-induced CMFC. Twenty-three postlingually deafened cochlear implant (CI) recipients and 17 normal-hearing (NH) participants took part in the study. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure brain activity during audio-only and visual-only speech tasks, with resting-state FC as a baseline, at 1 month and 1 year postimplantation. CI users\u2019 speech understanding was assessed 1 year postimplantation. Significant negative correlations were observed between contralateral task-induced CMFC and speech outcomes, particularly in links from the angular gyrus (AG) to the visual cortex. One year after CI activation, higher task-induced CMFC was found in AG compared to the superior temporal gyrus, reflecting neural efficiency principles. Task-induced CMFC remained elevated in CI users compared to NH even after 1 year. These findings suggest task-induced CMFC as a significant marker of cross-modal plasticity and speech performance in CI recipients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaf084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T20:38:14Z","timestamp":1743367094000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cross-modal functional plasticity after cochlear implantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5397-0252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamal","family":"Esmaelpoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne , 29 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Bionics Institute , 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommy","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical 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