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A growing number of neuroimaging studies have used quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify brain alterations in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a comprehensive review to synthesize brain regions with abnormal MRI metrics of microstructure and function in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Drawing upon 49 studies sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, our review showcases structural and functional brain abnormalities across many brain regions in COVID-19. Across multimodal MRI studies, alterations were predominantly in frontal regions, temporal regions, parietal regions, limbic system, and subcortical nuclei. Our findings may help understanding of the neurophysiological basis of acute neurological symptoms and long-term neurological sequelae associated with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhag022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:02:43Z","timestamp":1774364563000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Widespread structural and functional brain alterations in COVID-19: a systematic review of MRI studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenxiong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham J","family":"Kemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool , Liverpool ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4476-1915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Chengdu 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