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However, the mechanism of persistent cognitive deficits including working memory (WM) dysfunction is not fully understood in mTBI. Few studies of WM deficits in mTBI have taken advantage of the temporal and frequency resolution afforded by electromagnetic measurements. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and an N-back WM task, we investigated functional abnormalities in combat-related mTBI. Study participants included 25 symptomatic active-duty service members or Veterans with combat-related mTBI and 20 healthy controls with similar combat experiences. MEG source\u2013magnitude images were obtained for alpha (8\u201312 Hz), beta (15\u201330 Hz), gamma (30\u201390 Hz), and low-frequency (1\u20137 Hz) bands. Compared with healthy combat controls, mTBI participants showed increased MEG signals across frequency bands in frontal pole (FP), ventromedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and anterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), but decreased MEG signals in anterior cingulate cortex. Hyperactivations in FP, OFC, and anterior dlPFC were associated with slower reaction times. MEG activations in lateral FP also negatively correlated with performance on tests of letter sequencing, verbal fluency, and digit symbol coding. The profound hyperactivations from FP suggest that FP is particularly vulnerable to combat-related mTBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,16]],"date-time":"2018-03-16T20:07:55Z","timestamp":1521230875000},"page":"1953-1968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["MEG Working Memory N-Back Task Reveals Functional Deficits in Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ming-Xiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Research, and Psychiatry Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Nichols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, 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