{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:14:44Z","timestamp":1784304884211,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-MH103220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-MH103220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-MH116782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-MH116782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1-MH117032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1-MH117032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-MH118013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-MH118013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31-AG055332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31-AG055332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1539067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1539067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Recent studies have examined the effects of conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory (WM) performance, but this method has relatively low spatial precision and generally involves a reference electrode that complicates interpretation. Herein, we report a repeated-measures crossover study of 25 healthy adults who underwent multielectrode tDCS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right DLPFC, or sham in 3 separate visits. Shortly after each stimulation session, participants performed a verbal WM (VWM) task during magnetoencephalography, and the resulting data were examined in the time\u2013frequency domain and imaged using a beamformer. We found that after left DLPFC stimulation, participants exhibited stronger responses across a network of left-lateralized cortical areas, including the supramarginal gyrus, prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, and cuneus, as well as the right hemispheric homologues of these regions. Importantly, these effects were specific to the alpha-band, which has been previously implicated in VWM processing. Although stimulation condition did not significantly affect performance, stepwise regression revealed a relationship between reaction time and response amplitude in the left precuneus and supramarginal gyrus. These findings suggest that multielectrode tDCS targeting the left DLPFC affects the neural dynamics underlying offline VWM processing, including utilization of a more extensive bilateral cortical network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhz246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]],"date-time":"2019-10-03T19:26:26Z","timestamp":1570130786000},"page":"2389-2400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Multielectrode Transcranial Electrical Stimulation of the Left and Right Prefrontal Cortices Differentially Impacts Verbal Working Memory Neural Circuitry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sam M","family":"Koshy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex I","family":"Wiesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel K","family":"Spooner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Embury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T","family":"Rezich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Heinrichs-Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony W","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020121511485137600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e08789","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.08789","article-title":"Modulation of gaba and resting state functional connectivity by transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"4","author":"Bachtiar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife."},{"key":"2020121511485137600_ref1a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1736359","article-title":"Working memory","volume":"255","author":"Baddeley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"2","key":"2020121511485137600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2012.02.022","article-title":"Potential utility of resting-state magnetoencephalography as a biomarker of cns abnormality in hiv disease","volume":"206","author":"Becker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods."},{"issue":"20","key":"2020121511485137600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.08.029","article-title":"Alpha oscillations serve to protect working memory maintenance against anticipated distracters","volume":"22","author":"Bonnefond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020121511485137600_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2017-0018","article-title":"Noninvasive brain stimulation in psychiatric disorders: a primer","volume":"41","author":"Brunoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020121511485137600_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1280","article-title":"Aging gracefully: compensatory brain activity in high-performing older 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