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Anecdotal and preliminary evidence from multiple institutions shows that these patients present with a sudden onset of anosmia without rhinitis. We aim to review the pathophysiology of anosmia related to viral upper respiratory infections and the prognostic implications. Current evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2-related anosmia may be a new viral syndrome specific to COVID-19 and can be mediated by intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 into the olfactory neural circuitry. The clinical course of neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 is yet unclear; however, an extended follow-up of these patients to assess for neurological sequelae, including encephalitis, cerebrovascular accidents, and long-term neurodegenerative risk may be indicated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjaa040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T15:15:20Z","timestamp":1591802120000},"page":"423-428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Anosmia in COVID-19: Mechanisms and Significance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4427-6634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert Y","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laith","family":"Mukdad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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