{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:56:33Z","timestamp":1788310593226,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT 173514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT 173514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009307","name":"Parkinson Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPG-2020-0000000061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPG-2020-0000000061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009307","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec en Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["283144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["283144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a highly frequent early non-motor symptom of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). An important step to potentially use OD for the development of early diagnostic tools of PD is to differentiate PD-related OD from other forms of non-parkinsonian OD (NPOD: postviral, sinunasal, post-traumatic, and idiopathic OD). Measuring non-olfactory chemosensory modalities, especially the trigeminal system, may allow to characterize a PD-specific olfactory profile. We here review the literature on PD-specific chemosensory alteration patterns compared with NPOD. Specifically, we focused on the impact of PD on the trigeminal system and particularly on the interaction between olfactory and trigeminal systems. As this interaction is seemingly affected in a disease-specific manner, we propose a model of interaction between both chemosensory systems that is distinct for PD-related OD and NPOD. These patterns of chemosensory impairment still need to be confirmed in prodromal PD; nevertheless, appropriate chemosensory tests may eventually help to develop diagnostic tools to identify individuals at risks for PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjab018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T03:14:33Z","timestamp":1617851673000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Olfactory\u2013Trigeminal Interactions in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8460-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cilia","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8863-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Frasnelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada"},{"name":"Research Center, Sacr\u00e9-Coeur Hospital of Montreal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montr\u00e9al, QC, H4J 1C5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070818421749400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802381-5.00030-0","article-title":"Chapter 18 \u2013 Intranasal trigeminal chemoreception","volume-title":"Conn\u2019s translational neuroscience","author":"Al 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