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Sixty-eight toddlers of diverse ethnic backgrounds (39 females; 338\u2013908 days old; 79.4% White; and collected in 2024) watched videos depicting adults expressing emotions toward novel objects. The expression valence was either consistent (e.g., always positive toward Object A) or inconsistent (e.g., both positive and negative toward Object A). Eighteen- to 24-month-olds exhibited distinct looking when learning the consistent versus inconsistent informants (Cohen's d = 0.42) and showed greater sustained gaze following toward the emotionally consistent informants (Hedges\u2019 g = 0.45). Twelve- to 18-month-olds did not differentiate between conditions. These data suggest that detecting and utilizing emotional consistency as a cue for social engagement develops during the second year of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chidev\/aacaf031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T09:01:20Z","timestamp":1767776480000},"page":"316-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Emotional consistency guides social engagement in 18-\u00a0to 24-month-old toddlers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naiqi G","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario 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