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Measures of oral language, performance IQ, and socioeconomic status were obtained during elementary grades. At ages 16\u201317, psychological well-being was assessed using the Perceived Competence Scale (comprising scholastic ability, self-esteem, and friends factors) and Satisfaction with Life scale. Structural equation modeling showed language ability significantly predicted later scholastic ability and friendship. Scholastic ability mediated the association between language ability and satisfaction with life. Socioeconomic status moderated associations between language and scholastic ability. 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