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This study tested 32 healthy, full-term newborns (0\u20133 days old; 18 females) recruited from a maternity ward serving a socioeconomically and ethnically diverse population. Newborns familiarized with 2 elements (OTS range) preferred 1 element on the left, whereas those familiarized with 4 elements (ANS range) preferred 12 elements on the right. This pattern (\u03b7\u00b2p = 0.462) indicates that both numerical systems exhibit a shared spatial signature from birth, suggesting that spatial organization is a fundamental property of early numerical cognition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chidev\/aacag032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T14:12:14Z","timestamp":1774620734000},"page":"1446-1451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Beyond the Approximate Number System: Evidence for spatialization of the Object Tracking System at birth"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0732-5230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Volpi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"de 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