{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:45:54Z","timestamp":1791906354617,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008562","name":"University of Texas at Austin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008562","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012889","name":"School of Social Work","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012889","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009238","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023911","name":"Department of Psychology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The present study proposes a framework of critical ethnic-racial socialization. A pilot study with 74 parents (32% Latinx; 27% Black; 19% White; 11% Asian; 8% Multiracial; 3% indigenous) and their 3- to 7-year-old children (57% girls) conducted in 2024\u20132025 was used to instantiate the framework. Specifically, behavioral observations of parent\u2013child play served to establish proof of concept. Data were consistent with the ethnic-racial socialization literature (i.e., ethnic-racial heritage, ethnic-racial pride, preparation for bias) and the critical consciousness literature (i.e., critical awareness, critical action). Data further suggested messages about ethnic-racial diversity, acceptance and inclusion, and appreciation of diversity. Findings show that even in early childhood, parents engage in strategies to promote children's ethnic-racial identity and critical consciousness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chidev\/aacag186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:41:00Z","timestamp":1790077260000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>\u201cWe fight for what is right<\/i>\n                    \u201d: A critical framework of\u00a0ethnic-racial socialization in early childhood"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Esther J","family":"Calzada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Tulane University , New Orleans ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chelsea Derlan","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101310561295400_aacag186-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000879","article-title":"Validation of the multiracial youth socialization (MY-soc) scale among racially diverse multiracial emerging adults","volume":"36","author":"Atkin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Family Psychology"},{"key":"2026101310561295400_aacag186-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/swy016","article-title":"Latino immigrant family socialization scale: Development and validation of a multidimensional ethnic\u2013racial socialization measurement","volume":"63","author":"Ay\u00f3n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Social Work"},{"key":"2026101310561295400_aacag186-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12486","article-title":"Raising justice-minded youth: Parental ethnic-racial and political socialization and Black youth's critical consciousness","volume":"77","author":"Ba\u00f1ales","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Social Issues"},{"key":"2026101310561295400_aacag186-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12105","article-title":"Constraints on the development of implicit intergroup attitudes","volume":"9","author":"Baron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Development Perspectives"},{"key":"2026101310561295400_aacag186-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/famp.12951","article-title":"How can white parents raise anti-racist children? 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