{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T15:40:08Z","timestamp":1752507608864,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this report, an ultrasonication and vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction procedure followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (UVA-HS-SPME-GC-FID) was proposed for direct extraction of solvent residuals, including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, m,p-xylene and o-xylene, in pharmaceutical matrices. A novel robust, reliable and durable nanocomposite solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was prepared by layer-by-layer coating of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-functionalized graphene on a stainless-steel wire. Then, the proposed fiber was used for headspace SPME and trapping of toluene as a residual solvent in solid penicillin, ampicillin and cefazolin vials followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. UVA-HS-SPME-GC-FID achieves better validation parameters, including the limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, recovery and repeatability, in comparison with conventional HS-SPME-GC-FID. The UVA-HS-SPME-GC-FID strategy is very effective for quantitatively tracing volatile and semivolatile solvent residuals in various pharmaceutical drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bmaf039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T08:28:29Z","timestamp":1751617709000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a Novel Ultrasound Vacuum-Assisted Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Approach for Determination of Solvent Residuals in Pharmaceuticals and Comparison with Traditional Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Method"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Hajipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, Lorestan Petrochemical Company , Khorram Abad, Lorestan ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Ghiasvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Hajipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Care Unit, Shahid Rahimi Hospital , Khorram Abad, Lorestan ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2025071411013413000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2016.03.019","article-title":"An overview of pharmaceutical excipients: safe or not safe?","volume":"105","author":"Abrantes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071411013413000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502011000200019","article-title":"Residual solvent determination by head space gas chromatography with flame ionization detector in omeprazole API","volume":"47","author":"Pandey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref3","article-title":"Residual solvent analysis in pharmaceuticals","volume-title":"Pharmaceutical Technology","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2002"},{"volume-title":"International conference on harmonization (ICH) of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use","year":"2005","author":"Q8","key":"2025071411013413000_ref4"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071411013413000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022693516409","article-title":"Residual solvent testing: a review of gas-chromatographic and alternative techniques","volume":"20","author":"B'Hymer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2015.09.008","article-title":"Analytical procedures for quality control of pharmaceuticals in terms of residual solvents content: challenges and recent developments","volume":"80","author":"Tankiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071411013413000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3109\/02652048.2014.995730","article-title":"Quality control of residual solvent content in polymeric microparticles","volume":"32","author":"Dixit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Microencapsulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071411013413000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.oprd.5b00149","article-title":"Optimization of a crystallization process for orantinib active pharmaceutical ingredient by design of experiment to control residual solvent amount and particle size distribution","volume":"19","author":"Sato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Organic Process Research & Development"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrysgro.2016.12.057","article-title":"Antisolvent crystallization of a cardiotonic drug in ionic liquids: effect of mixing on the crystal properties","volume":"472","author":"Azevedo Jacqueline","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Crystal Growth"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref10","article-title":"Organic solvents in the pharmaceutical industry","volume":"67","author":"Grodowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica. Drug Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071411013413000_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.02.066","article-title":"Analysis of carbamate and phenylurea pesticide residues in fruit juices by solid-phase microextraction and liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"1147","author":"Sagratini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.01.104","article-title":"Analysis of furan in foods by headspace solid-phase microextraction\u2013gas chromatography\u2013ion trap mass spectrometry","volume":"1146","author":"Altaki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.02.011","article-title":"Reliability of fibres in solid-phase microextraction for routine analysis of the headspace of aromatic and medicinal plants","volume":"1152","author":"Bicchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.08.056","article-title":"Solid phase microextraction-gas chromatographic\u2013mass spectrometric determination of nitrous oxide evolution to measure denitrification in estuarine soils and sediments","volume":"1133","author":"Drescher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.07.061","article-title":"Determination of cocaine and cocaethylene in plasma by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"845","author":"\u00c1lvarez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2005.11.126","article-title":"Solid-phase microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the determination of propranolol enantiomers in urine using a sol\u2013gel derived calix [4] arene fiber","volume":"1104","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2009.05.026","article-title":"Study of desorption kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from solid matrices using internally cooled coated fiber","volume":"652","author":"Haddadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025071411013413000_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2011.01.074","article-title":"A new approach based on a combination of direct and headspace cold-fiber solid-phase microextraction modes in the same procedure for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalate esters in soil samples","volume":"1218","author":"Martendal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071411013413000_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.1809","article-title":"Determination of flavour profile in Iranian fragrant rice samples using cold-fibre SPME\u2013GC\u2013TOF\u2013MS","volume":"22","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Flavour and Fragrance Journal"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.10.092","article-title":"Fast and sensitive method to determine chloroanisoles in cork using an internally cooled solid-phase microextraction fiber","volume":"1138","author":"Carasek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1960523","article-title":"Characterization of essential oils and volatiles from the aerial parts of Mentha pulegium L.(Lamiaceae) using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) in combination with GC-MS","volume":"37","author":"Mohammadhosseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Natural Product Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071411013413000_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2007.01.017","article-title":"Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples by microwave assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography\/flame ionization detection","volume":"72","author":"Wei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105542","article-title":"Determination of four antiepileptic drugs with solvent assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction\u2013gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry in human urine samples","volume":"159","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microchemical Journal"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.04.058","article-title":"Characterising volatiles in tea (Camellia sinensis). Part I: comparison of headspace-solid phase microextraction and solvent assisted flavour evaporation","volume":"94","author":"Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lwt"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071411013413000_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-017-2208-1","article-title":"A poly-dopamine based metal-organic framework coating of the type PDA-MIL-53 (Fe) for ultrasound-assisted solid-phase microextraction of polychlorinated biphenyls prior to their determination by GC-MS","volume":"184","author":"Lv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microchimica Acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071411013413000_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AY03242C","article-title":"A salt-assisted graphene oxide aggregation method for the determination of dimethylamine and trimethylamine by ion chromatography with conductivity detection","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Analytical Methods"},{"volume-title":"Solid phase microextraction: theory and practice","year":"1997","author":"Pawliszyn","key":"2025071411013413000_ref27"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2012.07.005","article-title":"Thin-film microextraction offers another geometry for solid-phase microextraction","volume":"39","author":"Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2019.06.062","article-title":"Development of an analytical methodology for the determination of organochlorine pesticides by ethylene-vinyl acetate passive samplers in marine surface waters based on ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction followed with headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"1605","author":"C\u00e1rdenas-Sorac\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071411013413000_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4877","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4877","article-title":"Dimethyldioctadecylanimonium bentonite immobilized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles as an efficient adsorbent for vortex-assisted magnetic dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of celecoxib from human breast milk, plasma and urine samples","volume":"34","author":"Majidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedical Chromatography"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071411013413000_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.5740\/jaoacint.17-0374","article-title":"A simple vortex-assisted magnetic dispersive solid phase microextraction system for preconcentration and separation of triazine herbicides from environmental water and vegetable samples using Fe3O4@ MIL-100 (Fe) sorbent","volume":"101","author":"Nasrollahpour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of AOAC International"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071411013413000_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14660","article-title":"Detection of \u0263-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and \u0263-butyrolactone (GBL) in alcoholic beverages via total vaporization solid-phase microextraction (TV-SPME) and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"66","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"volume-title":"Detection of illicit drugs in various matrices via total vaporization solid-phase microextraction (TV-SPME)","year":"2019","author":"Davis","key":"2025071411013413000_ref33"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2025071411013413000_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/10826076.2019.1668804","article-title":"A review on magnetic field-assisted solid-phase microextraction techniques","volume":"43","author":"Heidari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2015.01.032","article-title":"A novel platform sensing based on combination of electromembrane-assisted solid phase microextraction with linear sweep voltammetry for the determination of tramadol","volume":"747","author":"Fakhari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.03.012","article-title":"Electrochemically prepared solid-phase microextraction coatings\u2014a review","volume":"781","author":"Aziz-Zanjani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2012.03.054","article-title":"An electrochemically enhanced solid-phase microextraction approach based on molecularly imprinted polypyrrole\/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite coating for selective extraction of fluoroquinolones in aqueous samples","volume":"727","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071411013413000_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11694-020-00430-3","article-title":"Purge-assisted and temperature-controlled headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry for determination of six common phthalate esters in aqueous samples","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2020.04.019","article-title":"A facile cooling-assisted solid-phase microextraction device for solvent-free sampling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil based on matrix solid-phase dispersion technique","volume":"1115","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2020.05.067","article-title":"Cooling assisted headspace microextraction by packed sorbent coupled to HPLC for the determination of volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil","volume":"1125","author":"Serenjeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071411013413000_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s10337-020-03869-0","article-title":"Heating-, cooling-and vacuum-assisted solid-phase microextraction (HCV-SPME) for efficient sampling of environmental pollutants in complex matrices","volume":"83","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071411013413000_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.1000","article-title":"The effects of temperature and pressure on the performance of carboxen\/PDMS fibres during solid phase microextraction (SPME) of headspace volatiles from cooked and raw Turkey breast","volume":"16","author":"Brunton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Flavour and Fragrance Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071411013413000_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-017-0726-7","article-title":"Comparison of the atmospheric-and reduced-pressure HS-SPME strategies for analysis of residual solvents in commercial antibiotics using a steel fiber coated with a multiwalled carbon nanotube\/polyaniline nanocomposite","volume":"410","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071411013413000_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1007\/s10337-017-3422-z","article-title":"Simple, low-cost and reliable device for vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction of volatile and semivolatile compounds from complex solid samples","volume":"80","author":"Beiranvand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.11.020","article-title":"A comparison study on a sulfonated graphene-polyaniline nanocomposite coated fiber for analysis of nicotine in solid samples through the traditional and vacuum-assisted HS-SPME","volume":"149","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.03.027","article-title":"Aniline\u2013silica nanocomposite as a novel solid phase microextraction fiber coating","volume":"1238","author":"Bagheri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2013.01.015","article-title":"The development of solid-phase microextraction fibers with metal wires as supporting substrates","volume":"46","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"16","key":"2025071411013413000_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AY01248A","article-title":"Rapid electrochemical preparation of porous sponge-like zinc\u2013zinc oxide coating deposited on an etched stainless steel fiber for selective determination of UV filters in environmental water samples","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analytical Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref49","first-page":"369","article-title":"Preparation of solid phase microextraction (SPME) probes through polyaniline multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PANI\/MWCNTs) coating for the extraction of palmitic acid and oleic acid in organic solvents","volume":"11","author":"Khajeamiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research: IJPR"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)00692-0","article-title":"High-performance polyethylene glycol-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers using sol\u2013gel technology","volume":"893","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(02)01347-X","article-title":"Hydroxyfullerene as a novel coating for solid-phase microextraction fiber with sol\u2013gel technology","volume":"978","author":"Yu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)01303-6","article-title":"Solid-phase microextraction of monocyclic aromatic amines using novel fibers coated with crown ether","volume":"934","author":"Zeng","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071411013413000_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-5159-0","article-title":"Poly (3-alkylthiophenes): new sorption materials for solid phase microextraction of drugs isolated from human plasma","volume":"401","author":"Olszowy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025071411013413000_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2004.05.019","article-title":"Solid-phase microextraction based on polypyrrole films with different counter ions","volume":"520","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071411013413000_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(04)01219-1","article-title":"Preparation of polyaniline coating on a stainless-steel wire using electroplating and its application to the determination of six aromatic amines using headspace solid-phase microextraction","volume":"1048","author":"Minjia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025071411013413000_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200700083","article-title":"Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction of organochlorine pesticides in lake water and wastewater","volume":"30","author":"L\u00fc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Separation Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2010.08.008","article-title":"Preparation and evaluation of graphene-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber","volume":"678","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.10.003","article-title":"Multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated fibers for solid-phase microextraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water and milk samples before gas chromatography with electron-capture detection","volume":"1137","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071411013413000_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1021\/nn100626z","article-title":"Interacting quasi-two-dimensional sheets of interlinked carbon nanotubes: a high-pressure phase of carbon","volume":"4","author":"Saxena","year":"2010","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.01.105","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of open-tubular capillary column modified with graphene oxide nanosheets for the separation of small organic molecules","volume":"1284","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2015.06.052","article-title":"A solid-phase microextraction platinized stainless steel fiber coated with a multiwalled carbon nanotube-polyaniline nanocomposite film for the extraction of thymol and carvacrol in medicinal plants and honey","volume":"1406","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/9781847550149","volume-title":"Applications of solid phase microextraction","author":"Pawliszyn","year":"1999"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071411013413000_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.04.088","article-title":"New cold-fiber headspace solid-phase microextraction device for quantitative extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment","volume":"1124","author":"Ghiasvand","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2025071411013413000_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2017.06.033","article-title":"Vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction: a tutorial review","volume":"986","author":"Psillakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071411013413000_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2116\/analsci.17.645","article-title":"Determination of residual solvents in pharmaceuticals by thermal desorption-GC\/MS","volume":"17","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Analytical Sciences"}],"container-title":["Journal of Chromatographic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chromsci\/article-pdf\/63\/6\/bmaf039\/63669578\/bmaf039.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chromsci\/article-pdf\/63\/6\/bmaf039\/63669578\/bmaf039.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T15:01:42Z","timestamp":1752505302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chromsci\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/chromsci\/bmaf039\/8185985"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/chromsci\/bmaf039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9665","1945-239X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9665"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1945-239X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"article-number":"bmaf039"}}