{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T06:34:05Z","timestamp":1769150045606,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In September 2009, a live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine (ZVL) became available in Canada. Beginning in September 2016, ZVL was made available to all Ontario residents aged 65\u201370 through a publicly funded immunization program. We assessed the impact of ZVL availability and its subsequent public funding on herpes zoster burden in this population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A population-based study of Ontario residents aged 65\u201370 between January 2005 and September 2018. We used interventional autoregressive integrated moving average models to examine the impact of ZVL market availability and the publicly funded ZVL program on monthly incidence rate of medically attended herpes zoster, defined as an outpatient visit for herpes zoster with a prescription for a herpes zoster antiviral dispensed \u22645 days before or after the visit, or a herpes zoster\u2013related emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalization. In secondary analyses, we examined impacts on any herpes zoster\u2013related ED visits and hospitalizations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found no association between ZVL market availability and monthly incidence of herpes zoster (P\u2005=\u2005.32) or monthly rates of ED visits and hospitalizations (P\u2005=\u2005.88). Conversely, the introduction of publicly funded ZVL reduced the monthly rate of medically attended herpes zoster by 19.1% (from 4.8 to 3.8 per 10\u2005000 population; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.01) and herpes zoster\u2013related ED visits and hospitalizations by 38.2% (from 1.7 to 1.0 per 10\u2005000 population; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The introduction of a publicly funded immunization program for herpes zoster was associated with reduced disease burden and related acute healthcare service use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T12:25:04Z","timestamp":1578572704000},"page":"279-284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Impact of a Publicly Funded Herpes Zoster Immunization Program on the Burden of Disease in Ontario, Canada: A Population-based Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Tadrous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Women\u2019s College Research Institute, Women\u2019s College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad M","family":"Mamdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research and Training, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah A","family":"Buchan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021012703051914300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k5095","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k5095","article-title":"Herpes zoster infection","volume":"364","author":"Le","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2021012703051914300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp013211","article-title":"Clinical practice. 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