{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:55:27Z","timestamp":1792454127499,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000098","name":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN261200800001E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN261200800001E"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ceftazidime-avibactam has in vitro activity against some carbapenem-resistant gram-negative infections (GNIs), and therefore may be a useful alternative to more toxic antibiotics such as colistin. Understanding ceftazidime-avibactam uptake and usage patterns would inform hospital formularies, stewardship, and antibiotic development.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study assessed inpatient encounters in the Vizient database. Ceftazidime-avibactam and colistin administrations were categorized into presumed empiric (3 consecutive days of therapy or less with qualifying exclusions) versus targeted therapy (\u22654 consecutive days of therapy) for presumed carbapenem-resistant GNIs. Quarterly percentage change (QPC) using modified Poisson regression and relative change in frequency of targeted ceftazidime-avibactam to colistin encounters was calculated. Factors associated with preferentially receiving targeted ceftazidime-avibactam versus colistin were identified using generalized estimating equations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between 2015 quarter (q) 1 and 2017q4, ceftazidime-avibactam was administered 21 215 times across 1901 encounters. Inpatient prescriptions for ceftazidime-avibactam increased from 0.44\/10 000 hospitalizations in 2015q1 to 7.7\/10 000 in 2017q4 (QPC, +11%; 95% CI, 10\u201313%; P &amp;lt; .01), while conversely colistin prescriptions decreased quarterly by 5% (95% CI, 4\u20136%; P &amp;lt; .01). Ceftazidime-avibactam therapy was categorized as empiric 25% of the time, targeted 65% of the time, and indeterminate 10% of the time. Patients with chronic kidney disease were twice as likely to receive targeted ceftazidime-avibactam versus colistin (RR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.82\u20132.25), whereas those on dialysis were less likely to receive ceftazidime-avibactam than colistin (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, .61\u2013.83).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since approval in 2015, ceftazidime-avibactam use has grown for presumed carbapenem-resistant GNIs, while colistin has correspondingly declined. Renal function drove the choice between ceftazidime-avibactam and colistin as targeted therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T20:09:58Z","timestamp":1579291798000},"page":"611-621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Pharmacoepidemiology of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Use: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 210 US Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey R","family":"Strich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Ricotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi Ling","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cumhur Y","family":"Demirkale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel F","family":"Hohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vizient, Irving, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanu","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Klompas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Palmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Epidemiology Service, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"John H","family":"Powers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Directorate\/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, National Cancer Institute Campus at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Adjemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Epidemiology Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Matsouaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Program of Comparative Effectiveness Methodology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher W","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L","family":"Danner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer S","family":"Kadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021605264854700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:82532","volume-title":"Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021021605264854700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30513-9","article-title":"Analysis of the clinical antibacterial and antituberculosis pipeline","volume":"19","author":"Theuretzbacher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect 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