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In line with this notion, early case series reported high mortality rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with malignancy. However, subsequent large, prospective, epidemiological surveys indicate that the risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be largely attributed to the multiple confounders operating in this highly heterogeneous population of patients, rather than the cancer or its treatment per se. We critically discuss the conundrums of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients and underscore mechanistic insights on the outcome of COVID-19 as it relates to cancer therapy and the type and status of the underlying malignancy. Not all cancer patients are similarly at risk for a complicated COVID-19 course. A roadmap is needed for translational and clinical research on COVID-19 in this challenging group of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T19:28:59Z","timestamp":1596569339000},"page":"351-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Are All Patients with Cancer at Heightened Risk for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Georgios","family":"Chamilos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Crete, Crete, Greece"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michail S","family":"Lionakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios P","family":"Kontoyiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021012703152481500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30096-6","article-title":"Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China","volume":"21","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2021012703152481500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S344","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu623","article-title":"Management of respiratory viral infections in 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