{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:34:34Z","timestamp":1790836474296,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Commission of Chongqing","award":["cstc2020jscx-fyzx0053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2020jscx-fyzx0053"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004374","name":"Chongqing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CQMUNCP0302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CQMUNCP0302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004374","name":"Chongqing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CQMUNCP0304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CQMUNCP0304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Leading Talent Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","award":["CSTCCXLJRC201719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTCCXLJRC201719"]}]},{"name":"Major National Science and Technology Program","award":["2017ZX10202203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX10202203"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no licensed vaccine or specific antiviral agents for therapy. Little is known about the longitudinal dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)\u2013specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in patients with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood samples (n = 173) were collected from 30 patients with COVID-19 over a 3-month period after symptom onset and analyzed for SARS-CoV-2\u2013specific NAbs using the lentiviral pseudotype assay, coincident with the levels of IgG and proinflammatory cytokines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2\u2013specific NAb titers were low for the first 7\u201310 days after symptom onset and increased after 2\u20133 weeks. The median peak time for NAbs was 33 days (interquartile range [IQR], 24\u201359 days) after symptom onset. NAb titers in 93.3% (28\/30) of the patients declined gradually over the 3-month study period, with a median decrease of 34.8% (IQR, 19.6\u201342.4%). NAb titers increased over time in parallel with the rise in immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels, correlating well at week 3 (r = 0.41, P &amp;lt; .05). The NAb titers also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including stem cell factor (SCF), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These data provide useful information regarding dynamic changes in NAbs in patients with COVID-19 during the acute and convalescent phases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T15:13:07Z","timestamp":1596208387000},"page":"e531-e539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Longitudinal Dynamics of the Neutralizing Antibody Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan-Xin","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-Jun","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-Zhu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-Ji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-Li","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ni","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of 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