{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:36:22Z","timestamp":1757702182106,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/igo\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014445","name":"Fred Hollows Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014445","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017151","name":"Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002152","name":"International Trachoma Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002152","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, the sign trachomatous inflammation\u2014follicular (TF) is common, but ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is not. It is therefore debatable whether azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA), the recommended antibiotic treatment strategy for trachoma\u2019s elimination as a public health problem, is necessary in this setting. We set out to estimate what proportion of adolescents were at risk of progression of trachomatous scarring.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was undertaken of all children aged 10\u201314 years resident in communities identified as high-TF clusters during previous population-based mapping. Graders examined children for clinical evidence of trachomatous scarring, pannus, and Herbert\u2019s pits (HPs) or limbal follicles in both eyes. A dried blood spot was collected from each child and tested for antibodies to C. trachomatis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 492 children in 24 villages of the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu were examined. In total, 35\/492 (7%) of children had limbal signs (pannus and\/or HPs) plus any conjunctival scarring. And 9\/492 (2%) had limbal signs and moderate or severe conjunctival scarring; 22% of children were anti-Pgp3 seropositive.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Few adolescents here are at risk of future complications from trachoma, supporting the conclusion that further antibiotic MDA is not currently required for trachoma elimination purposes in these settings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T19:17:00Z","timestamp":1596482220000},"page":"e2773-e2780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Conjunctival Scarring, Corneal Pannus, and Herbert\u2019s Pits in Adolescent Children in Trachoma-endemic Populations of the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0435-2655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Butcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junely","family":"Tagabasoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Department, Solomon Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Honiara, Solomon Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Manemaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Promotion Department, Solomon Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Honiara, Solomon Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Bong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Department, Vanuatu Ministry of Health, Port Vila, Vanuatu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mackline","family":"Garae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vanuatu Ministry of Health, Port Vila, Vanuatu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lui","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Department, Vanuatu Ministry of Health, Port Vila, Vanuatu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chrissy","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Becca L","family":"Handley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor H","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma M","family":"Harding-Esch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Bakhtiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Programme for Blindness and Visual Impairment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Le Mesurier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fred Hollows Foundation, Carlton, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mabey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anasaini","family":"Cama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fred Hollows Foundation, Carlton, Victoria, 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