{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T13:58:00Z","timestamp":1778853480979,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two community trials conducted from 2012 to 2018 in the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo demonstrated the efficacy of semiannual mass drug administration (MDA) with albendazole (ALB) alone on lymphatic filariasis (LF). However, a high interindividual heterogeneity in the clearance of infection was observed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed trial data to assess the effect of individual adherence to ALB MDA on clearance of circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA) and microfilaremia. Community residents were offered a single dose of ALB every 6 months and tested for LF with a rapid test for CFA at baseline and then annually. CFA test results were scored on a semiquantitative scale. At each round, microfilaremia was assessed in CFA-positive individuals. All CFA-positive individuals for whom at least 1 follow-up measure was available were included in the analyses. Parametric survival models were used to assess the influence of treatment adherence on LF infection indicators.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 2658 individuals enrolled in the trials, 394 and 129 were eligible for analysis of CFA and microfilaremia clearance, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and initial CFA score, the predicted mean time for clearing CFA was shorter in persons who had taken 2 doses of ALB per year (3.9 years) than in persons who had taken 1 or 0 dose (4.4 and 5.3 years; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001 for both). A similar pattern was observed for microfilaremia clearance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship for the effect of ALB on clearance of CFA and microfilaremia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T03:35:19Z","timestamp":1598499319000},"page":"e176-e183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Results From 2 Cohort Studies in Central Africa Show That Clearance of <i>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/i> Infection After Repeated Rounds of Mass Drug Administration With Albendazole Alone Is Closely Linked to Individual Adherence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4400-5204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my T","family":"Campillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMI 233, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"INSERM Unit\u00e9 1175, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naomi P","family":"Awaca-Uvon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Missamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme National de Lutte contre l\u2019Onchocercose, Direction de l\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de la Lutte contre la Maladie, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Population, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Tambwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Godefroy","family":"Kuyangisa-Simuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary J","family":"Weil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Louya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme National de Lutte contre l\u2019Onchocercose, Direction de l\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de la Lutte contre la Maladie, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Population, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Boussinesq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMI 233, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"INSERM Unit\u00e9 1175, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien D S","family":"Pion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMI 233, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"INSERM Unit\u00e9 1175, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9dric B","family":"Chesnais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMI 233, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, 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