{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T06:59:58Z","timestamp":1777618798654,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1113007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1113007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Enteric fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we analyzed Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) data to estimate the burden of enteric fever hospitalization among children aged &amp;lt;15 years and identify risk factors for hospitalization in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SEAP used hospital surveillance paired with a community-based health-care utilization assessment. In SEAP hospital surveillance, blood was obtained for culture from children aged &amp;lt;15 years with \u22653 days of fever. In the hospital catchment area, a health-care utilization survey (HCUS) was conducted to estimate the proportion of febrile children hospitalized at the study hospitals. We analyzed hospital surveillance and HCUS data to estimate the health care\u2013adjusted incidence of enteric fever hospitalization, and conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From July 2017 through June 2019, 2243 laboratory-confirmed enteric fever cases were detected in 2 study hospitals; 673 (30%) were hospitalized. The health care\u2013adjusted incidence of enteric fever hospitalization among children &amp;lt;15 years old was 303\/100 000 children\/year (95% confidence interval [CI], 293\u2013313). Salmonella Typhi contributed most to the enteric fever hospitalization incidence (277\/100 000 children\/year; 95% CI, 267\u2013287). The incidence was highest among children aged 2 to &amp;lt;5 years (552\/100 000 children\/year; 95% CI, 522\u2013583), followed by those aged &amp;lt;2 years (316\/100 000 children\/year; 95% CI, 288\u2013344). Factors independently associated with enteric fever hospitalization included fever duration, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and leukocytopenia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We estimated a high burden of hospitalization due to enteric fever among children aged &amp;lt;5 years in Bangladesh. The introduction of a typhoid conjugate vaccine would protect children from typhoid and avert typhoid hospitalizations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T15:12:29Z","timestamp":1599750749000},"page":"S196-S204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hospitalization of Pediatric Enteric Fever Cases, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2017\u20132019: Incidence and Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Shampa","family":"Saha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K M Ishtiaque","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Senjuti","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md Shafiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afiour","family":"Rahaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maksuda","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, 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Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A S M Nawshad Uddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Bangladesh Institute of Child Health, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen P","family":"Luby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason R","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise 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