{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T01:28:35Z","timestamp":1793755715695,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Soonchunhyang University Research Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based studies on the mortality burden of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection are lacking. We compared the long-term mortality of NTM-infected patients with tuberculosis (TB)-patients and the general population, and investigated mortality-associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed nationwide-data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Korea-Statistical Office between 2002 and 2017. NTM infection was identified using the International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision code, with one-to-one matching to TB patients and general population controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 530 401 individuals were analyzed, including 183 267 with NTM infections; 166 666 with TB; and 180 468 controls. The overall 6-, 10-, and 14-year cumulative survival probabilities in the NTM group were 86.3%, 80.8%, and 77.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the TB or control groups (log-rank P &amp;lt; .0001). In cases of NTM and TB coinfection, the overall 6-, 10-, and 14-year cumulative survival probabilities were 75.1%, 65.4%, and 57.0%, respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that old age, male gender, province, and various respiratory or nonrespiratory comorbidities were significantly associated with mortality of NTM infection. The use of a macrolide (more than 1 year) negatively correlated with mortality of NTM infection (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] .53\u2013.71), regardless of azithromycin (aHR 0.60, 95% CI .43\u2013.85) or clarithromycin use (aHR 0.63, 95% CI .53\u2013.75).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NTM-infected patients had poor prognosis when compared to TB patients or the general population, especially for NTM and TB coinfection. NTM mortality was associated with certain demographic characteristics, but long-term use of macrolides may provide survival benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T07:12:31Z","timestamp":1599808351000},"page":"e610-e619","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Mortality and Prognostic Factors of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection in Korea: A Population-based Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Hyewon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woojae","family":"Myung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Mi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women\u2019s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyekyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Convergence, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung Woo","family":"Jhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of 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