{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:07:20Z","timestamp":1792674440666,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011094","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNF-151944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNF-151944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is no uniform guideline for postchemotherapy vaccination of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We evaluated waning immunity to 14 pneumococcal serotypes, pertussis toxin (PT), tetanus toxoid (TT) and varicella, and immunogenicity of postchemotherapy diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTaP-IPV-Hib) and pneumococcal vaccination among previously vaccinated children treated for ALL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a multicenter trial of children with ALL enrolled 4\u201312 months postchemotherapy completion. Exclusion criteria included: infant ALL, relapsed ALL, and stem cell transplant recipients. Immunocompetent children were recruited as controls. Postchemotherapy participants received DTaP-IPV-Hib and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) concurrently, followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) 2 months later. Serology was measured at baseline, 2 and 12 months postvaccination. Adverse events were captured via surveys.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At enrollment, postchemotherapy participants (n\u2005=\u200574) were less likely than controls (n\u2005=\u200578) to be age-appropriately immunized with DTaP (41% vs 89%, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001) and PCV (59% vs 79%, P\u2005=\u2005.008). Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) to TT, PT, PCV serotypes, and varicella were lower in postchemotherapy participants than controls after adjusting for previous vaccine doses (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). Two months postvaccination, GMCs to TT, PT, and PCV serotypes increased from baseline (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001 for all antigens) and remained elevated at 12 months postvaccination. Antibody levels to PPV23 serotypes also increased postvaccination (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). No serious adverse events were reported.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children treated for ALL had lower antibody levels than controls against pneumococcal serotypes, tetanus, pertussis, and varicella despite previous vaccination. Postchemotherapy vaccination with DTaP-IPV-Hib, PCV13, and PPV23 was immunogenic and well tolerated. Children with ALL would benefit from systematic revaccination postchemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT02447718.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T20:11:07Z","timestamp":1581624667000},"page":"e439-e448","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Waning Vaccine Immunity and Vaccination Responses in Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Canadian Immunization Research Network Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Karina A","family":"Top","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health & Epidemiology, and the Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University and the IWK Health Centre , Halifax, Nova Scotia,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Vaudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun K","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Pham-Huy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M","family":"Pernica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Tapi\u00e9ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Ste-Justine, University of Montreal , Montreal, Quebec,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soren","family":"Gantt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Centre, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria E","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University and IWK Health Centre , Halifax, Nova Scotia,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Rod","family":"Rassekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia, Children\u2019s Hospital , Vancouver, British Columbia,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athena","family":"McConnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal University Hospital , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Earl","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, Quebec,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupesh","family":"Chawla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A","family":"Halperin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology and the Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University , and the IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111411412977700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4477","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-09-112920","article-title":"Risk-adjusted therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia can decrease treatment burden and improve survival: treatment results of 2169 unselected pediatric and adolescent patients enrolled in the trial ALL-BFM 95","volume":"111","author":"M\u00f6ricke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2024111411412977700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit684","article-title":"2013 IDSA clinical practice guideline for 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