{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T07:09:41Z","timestamp":1793257781160,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]],"date-time":"2020-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"HIV\/HEP Master Project","award":["IIA5-2013-2514-AUK375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIA5-2013-2514-AUK375"]}]},{"name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Besundheit"},{"name":"Deutsche Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus\u20132 (HIV-2) is endemic in some countries in West Africa. Due to the lower prevalence in industrialized countries, there is limited experience and knowledge on the management of individuals living with HIV-2 in Europe. Compared to HIV-1, there are differential characteristics of HIV-2 regarding diagnostic procedures, the clinical course, and, most importantly, antiretroviral therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We integrated the published literature on HIV-2 (studies and reports on epidemiology, diagnostics, the clinical course, and treatment), as well as expert experience in diagnosing and clinical care, to provide recommendations for a present standard of medical care of those living with HIV-2 in Western European countries, including an overview of strategies for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, with suggestions for effective drug combinations for first- and second-line treatments, post-exposure prophylaxis, and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, as well as listings of mutations related to HIV-2 drug resistance and C-C motif chemokine receptor type 5 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4 coreceptor tropism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T05:03:30Z","timestamp":1584075810000},"page":"503-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Human Immunodeficiency Virus\u20132 (HIV-2): A Summary of the Present Standard of Care and Treatment Options for Individuals Living with HIV-2 in Western Europe"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Dirk","family":"Berzow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Praxis for Infectiology, Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft niedergelassener \u00c4rzte in der Versorgung HIV-Infizierter (DAGNAE) Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Descamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, H\u00f4pital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Unit\u00e9 mixte de recherche (UMR),1137, Laboratory Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Obermeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft niedergelassener \u00c4rzte in der Versorgung HIV-Infizierter (DAGNAE) Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Virologie e.V., Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Charpentier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, H\u00f4pital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Unit\u00e9 mixte de recherche (UMR),1137, Laboratory Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution (IAME), Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Virologie e.V., Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"German AIDS Society (Deutsche AIDS-Gesellschaft, DAIG), Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Chemotherapie, Rheinbach, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Guertler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Virologie e.V., Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"German AIDS Society (Deutsche AIDS-Gesellschaft, DAIG), Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Max von Pettenkofer Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Eberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Virologie e.V., Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"German AIDS Society (Deutsche AIDS-Gesellschaft, DAIG), Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Max von Pettenkofer Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Wensing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European AIDS Clinical Society, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saleta","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Ruelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perpetua","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Biology Laboratory, Laborat\u00f3rio de Biologia Molecular, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Egas Moniz Hospital, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Mansinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Occidental, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ninon","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Medical Department with Hematology, Medical Oncology, 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Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Dire\u00e7\u00e3o-Geral da Sa\u00fade\/Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge. Infe\u00e7\u00e3o VIH e SIDA em Portugal - 2019. Lisboa; 2019:55-56. Available at: http:\/\/www.insa.min-saude.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/RelatVIHSIDA2019.pdf. 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