{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:16:54Z","timestamp":1787008614943,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0887X1-4603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0887X1-4603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the demonstrated impact of pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) implementation on otitis media (OM), demonstration of real-life serotype-specific effectiveness of the 7-valent and 13-valent PCVs (PCV7 and PCV13) is lacking owing to the paucity of culture-positive cases. Furthermore, prelicensure PCV13 efficacy against OM was not studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted from October 2009 to July 2013. Case patients were children aged 5\u201335 months with OM (mostly complex OM [recurrent\/nonresponsive, spontaneously draining, chronic with effusion]) from whom middle-ear fluid culture was obtained; controls were contemporary children with rotavirus-negative gastroenteritis in a prospective population-based rotavirus surveillance, from the same age group with similar ethnic distribution and geographic location. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated as 1 minus the odds ratio using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for time since PCV implementation, age, and ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 223 case patients and 1370 controls were studied. Serotypes 19F and 19A together caused 56.1% of all vaccine-type (VT) OM. VE of \u22652 PCV doses in children aged 5\u201335 months was demonstrated as follows: PCV7 against OM due to PCV7 serotypes, 57.2% (95% confidence interval, 6.0%\u201380.5%); PCV13 against OM due to PCV13 serotypes, 77.4% (53.3%\u201392.1%); PCV13 against OM due to the 6 additional non-PCV7 serotypes 67.4% (17.6%\u201387.1%); PCV13 against OM due to serotype 19F, 91.3% (1.4%\u201399.2%); and PCV13 against OM due to serotype 3, 89.0% (23.9%\u201398.4%). PCV7 and PCV13 VE against OM due to serotype 19A in children aged 12\u201335 months was 72.4% (95% confidence interval, 6.2%\u201391.9%) and 94.6% (33.9%\u201399.6%), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCV7 and PCV13 were effective against complex OM caused by the targeted serotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T07:11:33Z","timestamp":1611645093000},"page":"650-658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effectiveness of the 7- and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Against Vaccine-Serotype Otitis Media"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8888-1046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Dagan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart Adriaan","family":"Van Der Beek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shalom","family":"Ben-Shimol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"},{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Pilishvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noga","family":"Givon-Lavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"},{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122110512622300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.11.005","article-title":"The burden of otitis media","volume":"26","author":"Rovers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2021122110512622300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(91)90054-F","article-title":"The occurrence of acute otitis media in infants. 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