{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:14:18Z","timestamp":1777468458170,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA034086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA034086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN-337-1779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN-337-1779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adequate medication adherence is critical for achieving sustained viral response (SVR) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among people who inject drugs (PWID). However, it is less known which patterns of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment adherence are associated with SVR in this population or what factors are associated with each pattern.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The randomized 3-arm PREVAIL study used electronic blister packs to obtain daily time frame adherence data in opiate agonist therapy program settings. Exact logistic regressions were applied to test the associations between SVR and 6 types of treatment adherence patterns.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 113 participants treated with combination DAAs, 109 (96.5%) achieved SVR. SVR was significantly associated with all pattern parameters except for number of switches between adherent and missed days: total adherent daily doses (exact adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2005=\u20051.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2005=\u20051.04\u20131.22), percent total doses (1.09; 1.03\u20131.16), days on treatment (1.16; 1.05\u20131.32), maximum consecutive adherent days (1.34; 1.06\u20132.04), and maximum consecutive nonadherent days (0.85; .74\u2013.95\u2005=\u20050.003). SVR was significantly associated with total adherent doses in the first 2 months of treatment, it was not in the last month. While alcohol intoxication was significantly associated with frequent switches, drug use was not associated with any adherence pattern.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Consistent maintenance of adequate total dose adherence over the entire course of HCV treatment is important in achieving SVR among PWID. Additional integrative addiction and medical care may be warranted for treating PWID who experience alcohol intoxication.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T20:47:43Z","timestamp":1618606063000},"page":"2093-2100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Adherence Patterns and Sustained Viral Response Among People Who Inject Drugs Treated in Opioid Agonist Therapy Programs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7711-1209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moonseong","family":"Heo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Pericot-Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lior","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brianna L","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirinda","family":"Gormley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Agyemang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia H","family":"Arnsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alain H","family":"Litwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Prisma Health, Greenville, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121022422470200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.07.027","article-title":"Global epidemiology and genotype distribution of the hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"61","author":"Gower","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2021121022422470200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30349-8","article-title":"GBD 2017 Cirrhosis Collaborators. 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