{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T11:34:52Z","timestamp":1774524892454,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220991\/Z\/20\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220991\/Z\/20\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["203077\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203077\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/R006083\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R006083\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-017547"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-017547"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"East Africa Research Fund","award":["EARF\/ITT\/039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EARF\/ITT\/039"]}]},{"name":"NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Immunisation"},{"name":"United Kingdom\u2019s Medical Research Council"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000765","name":"University College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2268427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2268427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001275","name":"Oak Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"DELTAS Africa Initiative","award":["DEL-15-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEL-15-003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance","award":["HHSN272201400008C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400008C"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few studies have assessed the seroprevalence of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Africa. We report findings from a survey among HCWs in 3 counties in Kenya.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 684 HCWs from Kilifi (rural), Busia (rural), and Nairobi (urban) counties. The serosurvey was conducted between 30 July and 4 December 2020. We tested for immunoglobulin G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Assay sensitivity and specificity were 92.7 (95% CI, 87.9-96.1) and 99.0% (95% CI, 98.1-99.5), respectively. We adjusted prevalence estimates, using bayesian modeling to account for assay performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The crude overall seroprevalence was 19.7% (135 of 684). After adjustment for assay performance, seroprevalence was 20.8% (95% credible interval, 17.5%\u201324.4%). Seroprevalence varied significantly (P &amp;lt; .001) by site: 43.8% (95% credible interval, 35.8%\u201352.2%) in Nairobi, 12.6% (8.8%\u201317.1%) in Busia and 11.5% (7.2%\u201317.6%) in Kilifi. In a multivariable model controlling for age, sex, and site, professional cadre was not associated with differences in seroprevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These initial data demonstrate a high seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs in Kenya. There was significant variation in seroprevalence by region, but not by cadre.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T18:15:54Z","timestamp":1618942554000},"page":"288-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Healthcare Workers in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1267-6422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony O","family":"Etyang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KEMRI\u2013Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Lucinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KEMRI\u2013Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 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