{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T13:04:25Z","timestamp":1769087065824,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"Strengthening Surveillance for Diseases among Newly Arrived Immigrants and Refugees"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between 2008 and 2018, persons granted asylum (asylees) increased by 168% in the United States. Asylees are eligible for many of the same domestic benefits as refugees under the US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), including health-related benefits such as the domestic medical examination. However, little is known about the health of asylees to guide clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of domestic medical examination data from 9 US sites from 2014 to 2016. We describe and compare demographics and prevalence of several infectious diseases such as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV), and select sexually transmitted infections and parasites by refugee or asylee visa status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The leading nationalities for all asylees were China (24%) and Iraq (10%), while the leading nationalities for refugees were Burma (24%) and Iraq (19 %). Approximately 15% of asylees were diagnosed with LTBI, and 52% of asylee adults were susceptible to HBV infection. Prevalence of LTBI (prevalence ratio [PR]\u2005=\u20050.8), hepatitis B (0.7), hepatitis C (0.5), and Strongyloides (0.5) infections were significantly lower among asylees than refugees. Prevalence of other reported conditions did not differ by visa status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared to refugees, asylees included in our dataset were less likely to be infected with some infectious diseases but had similar prevalence of other reported conditions. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u2019s Guidance for the US Domestic Medical Examination for Newly Arrived Refugees can also assist clinicians in the care of asylees during the routine domestic medical examination.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T19:13:11Z","timestamp":1621969991000},"page":"1492-1499","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Health of Asylees Compared to Refugees in the United States Using Domestic Medical Examination Data, 2014\u20132016: A Cross-Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Gayathri S","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clelia","family":"Pezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Payton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Moravian College, Bethlehem, Pennsyvlania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blain","family":"Mamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kailey","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Montour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, Austin, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuny","family":"Cabanting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Office for Refugees, Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen E","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Breanna","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily S","family":"Jentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0001","author":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, USA"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0002","author":"US Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0003","author":"US Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0004","author":"Refugee Processing Center"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0005","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0006","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0007","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0008","author":"US Citizenship and Immigration Services"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0009","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0010","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis927","article-title":"Infectious disease burden and vaccination needs among asylees versus refugees, District of Columbia","volume":"56","author":"Chai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-016-0507-y","article-title":"Primary care screening methods and outcomes for asylum seekers in New York City","volume":"20","author":"Bertelsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2608.190793","article-title":"Tuberculosis in internationally displaced children resettling in Harris County, Texas, USA, 2010\u20132015","volume":"26","author":"Lamb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect 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2001\u20132005","volume":"7","author":"Dookeran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0017","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0018","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, Travelers\u2019 Health"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0019","author":"National Immigration Forum"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0020","author":"US Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0021","author":"US Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22288","article-title":"Supporting asylum seekers: clinician experiences of documenting human rights violations through forensic psychological evaluation","volume":"31","author":"Baranowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0023","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0024","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141","article-title":"Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis in adults and children","volume":"161","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021102017442782700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-018-0705-x","article-title":"Evaluation of hepatitis B virus screening, vaccination, and linkage to care among newly arrived refugees in four states, 2009-2011","volume":"21","author":"Mitruka","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious 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