{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:47:19Z","timestamp":1760986039345,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research University Project under Thailand\u2019s Office of the Higher Education Commission 2014"},{"name":"Chiang Mai University\u2013Research Institute for Health Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the impact of vitamin D and calcium supplementation (VitD\/Ca) on lumbar spine bone mineral density (LSBMD) and bone metabolism among Thai adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIVA).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A multicenter, randomized, active-control, open-labeled trial was conducted. PHIVA (aged 10\u201320 years) who were on stable cART were enrolled. Baseline LSBMD status was defined as low (z-score\u2005\u2264\u2005\u22122) and normal (&amp;gt; \u22122). Eligible PHIVA were randomly assigned to receive standard-dose (400 IU\/1200 mg\/day) or high-dose (400 IU\/1200 mg\/day plus ergocalciferol 20 000 IU\/week) VitD\/Ca supplementation for 48 weeks (ratio 1:1, stratified by baseline LSBMD). Study outcomes were changes in LSBMD, LSBMD z-scores, and bone metabolism\u2013related biomarkers (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH], C-terminal telopeptide [CTX], procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide [PINP]) from baseline to week 48.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 200 enrolled PHIVA, median age was 16 (IQR:14\u201318) years; 61% were on NNRTI-based cART. Median 25(OH)D level was 25.5 (IQR: 20.8\u201333.0) ng\/mL. After 48-week VitD\/Ca supplementation, LSBMD significantly increased in both treatment groups (high-dose: median: +0.07 [IQR: +0.04 to +0.11] g\/cm2; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001; standard-dose: +0.09 [+0.03 to +0.13] g\/cm2; P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). Notably, the change in LSBMD z-scores was significantly greater in high-dose versus standard-dose groups (median: +0.4 [IQR: \u22120.1 to +0.9] vs +0.1 [\u22120.4 to +0.7]; P\u2005=\u2005.02). Levels of 25(OH)D increased, whereas iPTH, CTX, and PINP declined significantly in both groups (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05), but no between-group differences were demonstrated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over 48-week VitD\/Ca supplementation, significant increases in LSBMD, and significant decreases in bone metabolism\u2013related markers were observed among our Thai PHIVA in both treatment groups. The improvement in LSBMD z-score was more enhanced with high-dose VitD\/Ca supplementation than standard-dose. High-dose VitD\/Ca supplementation might be considered to promote bone health in this population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT02426840.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T19:14:42Z","timestamp":1623352482000},"page":"1555-1564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Impact of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolism Among Thai Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3686-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tavitiya","family":"Sudjaritruk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, 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Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tawalchaya","family":"Chotecharoentanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natthanidnan","family":"Sricharoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pradthana","family":"Ounchanum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiang Rai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piyarat","family":"Suntarattiwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krittaporn","family":"Pornpaisalsakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thanyawee","family":"Puthanakit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CAL-D Study 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