{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T04:37:47Z","timestamp":1764304667792,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1168515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1168515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) to assess the effect of time since death on molecular detection of pathogens among respiratory illness\u2013associated deaths.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Samples were collected from 20 deceased children (aged 1\u201359 months) hospitalized with respiratory illness from May 2018 through February 2019. Serial lung and\/or liver and blood samples were collected using MITS starting soon after death and every 6 hours thereafter for up to 72 hours. Bodies were stored in the mortuary refrigerator for the duration of the study. All specimens were analyzed using customized multipathogen TaqMan\u00ae array cards (TACs).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified a median of 3 pathogens in each child\u2019s lung tissue (range, 1\u20138; n\u2005=\u200520), 3 pathogens in each child\u2019s liver tissue (range, 1\u20134; n\u2005=\u20055), and 2 pathogens in each child\u2019s blood specimen (range, 0\u20134; n\u2005=\u20055). Pathogens were not consistently detected across all collection time points; there was no association between postmortem interval and the number of pathogens detected (P\u2005=\u2005.43) and no change in TAC cycle threshold value over time for pathogens detected in lung tissue. Human ribonucleoprotein values indicated that specimens collected were suitable for testing throughout the study period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results suggest that lung, liver, and blood specimens can be collected using MITS procedures up to 4 days after death in adequately preserved bodies. However, inconsistent pathogen detection in samples needs careful consideration before drawing definitive conclusions on the etiologic causes of death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T19:14:10Z","timestamp":1631560450000},"page":"S360-S367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of Time Since Death on Multipathogen Molecular Test Results of Postmortem Specimens Collected Using Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Dawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State University, Global Health Programs (Kenya Office), Nairobi, Kenya"},{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, 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Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hunsperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy A","family":"Otieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana M","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc-Alain","family":"Widdowson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya"},{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen H","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas M","family":"Winchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roosecelis B","family":"Martines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of 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