{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:28:07Z","timestamp":1791930487141,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"US Civilian Research and Development Foundation","award":["USB-31150-XX-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USB-31150-XX-13"]}]},{"name":"India Department of Biotechnology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OISE-9531011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OISE-9531011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI154387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI154387"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Blood-based biomarkers for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB), monitoring treatment response, and predicting risk of progression to TB disease have been reported. However, validation of the biomarkers across multiple independent cohorts is scarce. A robust platform to validate TB biomarkers in different populations with clinical end points is essential to the development of a point-of-care clinical test. NanoString nCounter technology is an amplification-free digital detection platform that directly measures mRNA transcripts with high specificity. Here, we determined whether NanoString could serve as a platform for extensive validation of candidate TB biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The NanoString platform was used for performance evaluation of existing TB gene signatures in a cohort in which signatures were previously evaluated on an RNA-seq dataset. A NanoString codeset that probes 107 genes comprising 12 TB signatures and 6 housekeeping genes (NS-TB107) was developed and applied to total RNA derived from whole blood samples of TB patients and individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) from South India. The TBSignatureProfiler tool was used to score samples for each signature. An ensemble of machine learning algorithms was used to derive a parsimonious biomarker.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gene signatures present in NS-TB107 had statistically significant discriminative power for segregating TB from LTBI. Further analysis of the data yielded a NanoString 6-gene set (NANO6) that when tested on 10 published datasets was highly diagnostic for active TB.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The NanoString nCounter system provides a robust platform for validating existing TB biomarkers and deriving a parsimonious gene signature with enhanced diagnostic performance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T20:14:31Z","timestamp":1641413671000},"page":"1022-1030","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Development and Validation of a Parsimonious Tuberculosis Gene Signature Using the digital NanoString nCounter Platform"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Vaishnavi","family":"Kaipilyawar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xutao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noyal M","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selby","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senbagavalli","family":"Prakash Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthuraj","family":"Muthaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, State TB Training and Demonstration Center, Government Hospital for Chest Disease , Gorimedu, Puducherry , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha S","family":"Hochberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Charles R","family":"Horsburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerrold J","family":"Ellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W Evan","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"},{"name":"Bioinformatics Program, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padmini","family":"Salgame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010807513691600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001538","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001538","article-title":"Detection of tuberculosis in HIV-infected and -uninfected African adults 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