{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:16:55Z","timestamp":1787008615925,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scabies is a neglected tropical disease of the skin that can lead to impetigo, serious secondary bacterial infections and immune-mediated diseases. Mass drug administration (MDA) has been reported in several studies to reduce the prevalence of scabies and impetigo. We aimed to assess the efficacy of MDA for scabies on scabies and impetigo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of reports on the impact of MDA on scabies and impetigo. We included randomized control trials and observational evaluations reported from January 1970 to April 2021 and involving human participants. We searched PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane. We considered MDA as treatment intended for the whole population, regardless of individual infection status or symptoms. The main outcome assessed was the change in scabies and impetigo prevalence following MDA. This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020169839).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 1110 records, of which 11 met inclusion criteria for the review and 9 were deemed suitable for meta-analysis for scabies and 4 for impetigo. Most studies were in small populations. There was a high degree of heterogeneity between studies (I2 value 96.19%). The overall relative reduction of the impact of MDA on scabies prevalence was 79%. The effect size was comparable for MDA based on ivermectin and permethrin. MDA for scabies also led to a reduction in impetigo prevalence with a relative reduction of 66%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MDA for scabies is highly effective in reducing the prevalence of scabies and impetigo. Further research is needed to determine the durability of impact, and the effectiveness of MDA regimens in larger populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T07:18:09Z","timestamp":1643095089000},"page":"959-967","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Mass Drug Administration for the Control of Scabies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5508-5430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanna J","family":"Lake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Children\u2019s Global Health , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myra","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Children\u2019s Global Health , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4909-1287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Engelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Children\u2019s Global Health , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C","family":"Steer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Children\u2019s Global Health , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9038-5300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Romani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Diseases Research Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31136-5","article-title":"The public health control of scabies: priorities for research and action.","volume":"394","author":"Engelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0007182","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007182","article-title":"A systematic review of scabies transmission models and data to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of scabies interventions.","volume":"13","author":"Van Der Linden","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS NeglTrop Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0008825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008825","article-title":"Community perspectives on scabies, impetigo and mass drug administration in Fiji: a qualitative study.","volume":"14","author":"Mitchell","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS NeglTrop Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.","volume":"390","author":"Vos","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00132-2","article-title":"Prevalence of scabies and impetigo worldwide: a systematic review.","volume":"15","author":"Romani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0006","volume-title":"Dermatology - Insects and Mites","author":"eTG complete."},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03798.x","article-title":"Scabies in the developing world\u2013-its prevalence, complications, and management.","volume":"18","author":"Hay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0008","volume-title":"World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines","author":"WHO.","year":"2019"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct0910329","article-title":"Permethrin and ivermectin for scabies.","volume":"362","author":"Currie","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra064142","article-title":"Control of neglected tropical diseases.","volume":"357","author":"Hotez","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J 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Organ"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143620.x","article-title":"Outcome of an interventional program for scabies in an Indigenous community.","volume":"175","author":"Wong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0018","article-title":"Impact of ivermectin mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis on scabies in eight villages in Kongwa District, Tanzania.","volume":"99","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0022","first-page":"563","article-title":"Selective mass treatment with ivermectin to control intestinal helminthiases and parasitic skin diseases in a severely affected population.","volume":"82","author":"Heukelbac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Traitement de masse se\u0301lectif par l\u2019 ivermectine contre 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impetigo.","volume":"68","author":"Marks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199705000-00008","article-title":"Success of a scabies control program in an Australian aboriginal community.","volume":"16 5","author":"Carapetis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e444","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000444","article-title":"Community management of endemic scabies in remote aboriginal communities of Northern Australia: low treatment uptake and high ongoing acquisition.","volume":"3","author":"La Vincente","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS NeglTrop Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78S","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.11892","article-title":"Does mass drug administration for community-based scabies control works? The experience in Ethiopia.","volume":"14","author":"Enbiale","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28S","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.11701","article-title":"\u201cStopping the itch\u201d: mass drug administration for scabies outbreak control covered for over nine million people in Ethiopia.","volume":"14","author":"Enbiale","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed3040114","article-title":"Investigation of a scabies outbreak in drought-affected areas in Ethiopia.","volume":"3","author":"Enbiale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13851","article-title":"Scabies is strongly associated with acute rheumatic fever in a cohort study of Auckland children.","volume":"54","author":"Thornley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.05.041","article-title":"Prospective surveillance for invasive Staphylococcus aureus and group A Streptococcus infections in a setting with high community burden of scabies and impetigo.","volume":"108","author":"Thean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022092920595261500_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18943","article-title":"The 2020 international alliance for the control of scabies consensus criteria for the diagnosis of scabies.","volume":"183","author":"Engelman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/cid\/ciac042\/42598136\/ciac042.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/75\/6\/959\/46205090\/ciac042.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/75\/6\/959\/46205090\/ciac042.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T17:03:03Z","timestamp":1664470983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/75\/6\/959\/6516510"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciac042","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]}}}