{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:19:57Z","timestamp":1792034397941,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec\u2014Sant\u00e9"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impact of low body mass index (BMI) at initiation of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) treatment on outcomes is uncertain. We evaluated the association between BMI at RR-TB treatment initiation and end-of-treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis of adults aged \u226518 years with RR-TB whose BMI was documented at treatment initiation. We compared odds of any unfavorable treatment outcome, mortality, or failure\/recurrence between patients who were underweight (BMI &amp;lt;18.5 kg\/m2) and not underweight. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression, with matching on demographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors. We evaluated effect modification by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and other variables using likelihood ratio tests. We also estimated cumulative incidence of mortality during treatment stratified by HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 5148 patients were included; 1702 (33%) were underweight at treatment initiation. The median (interquartile range) age was 37 years (29 to 47), and 455 (9%) had HIV. Compared with nonunderweight patients, the aOR among underweight patients was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.4\u20131.9) for any unfavorable outcome, 3.1 (2.4\u20133.9) for death, and 1.6 (1.2\u20132.0) for failure\/recurrence. Significant effect modification was found for World Health Organization region of treatment. Among HIV-negative patients, 24-month mortality was 14.8% (95% CI, 12.7%\u201317.3%) for underweight and 5.6% (4.5%\u20137.0%) for not underweight patients. Among patients with HIV, corresponding values were 33.0% (25.6%\u201342.6%) and 20.9% (14.1%\u201327.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low BMI at treatment initiation for RR-TB is associated with increased odds of unfavorable treatment outcome, particularly mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T15:11:18Z","timestamp":1650899478000},"page":"2201-2210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Low Body Mass Index at Treatment Initiation and Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2341-2166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathon 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Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anete","family":"Trajman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, McGill University , Montreal , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salmaan","family":"Keshavjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi C","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Tuberculosis, Chest, and Heart Diseases Association , Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann C","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Monedero-Recuero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TB-HIV Department, International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise S","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Secretary of Health of The State of Sao Paulo, Instituto Clemente Ferreira , S\u00e3o Paulo , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haesook","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seobuk Hospital , Seoul , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvaneh","family":"Baghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, 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