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However, adverse events of special interest (AESIs) have been described post-implementation, including myocarditis after receipt of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome after receipt of adenoviral vector vaccines. AESIs are rare (&amp;lt;1 to 10\/100\u2009000 vaccinees) and less frequent than COVID-19 complications, though they have associated morbidity and mortality. The diversity of COVID-19 vaccine platforms (eg, mRNA, viral vector, protein) and rates of AESIs both between and within platforms (eg, higher rate of myocarditis after mRNA-1273 vs BNT162b2 vaccines) present an important opportunity to advance vaccine safety science. The International Network of Special Immunization Services has been formed with experts in vaccine safety, systems biology, and other relevant disciplines to study cases of AESIs and matched controls to uncover the pathogenesis of rare AESIs and inform vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T02:00:28Z","timestamp":1654826428000},"page":"S11-S17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Advancing the Science of Vaccine Safety During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Beyond: Launching an International Network of Special Immunization Services"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9981-368X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina A","family":"Top","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University and Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health , Halifax, Nova Scotia , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3094-8367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert T","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brighton Collaboration, A program of The Task Force for Global Health , Decatur, Georgia , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofer","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al","family":"Ozonoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Carleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel W","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C Buddy","family":"Creech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Kochhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Healthcare Consulting , New Delhi , India"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A","family":"Poland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberley","family":"Gutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare L","family":"Cutland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022081503572032500_ciac407-B1","article-title":"COVID-19 dashboard. 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