{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:46:41Z","timestamp":1770979601999,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013392","name":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Services Sociaux","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults previously infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop short-term immunity and may have increased reactogenicity to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. This prospective, multicenter, active-surveillance cohort study examined the short-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in adults with a prior history of SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canadian adults vaccinated between 22 December 2020 and 27 November 2021 were sent an electronic questionnaire 7 days post\u2013dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3 vaccination. The main outcome was health events occurring in the first 7 days after each vaccination that prevented daily activities, resulted in work absenteeism, or required a medical consultation, including hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 684 998 vaccinated individuals, 2.6% (18 127\/684 998) reported a prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection a median of 4 (interquartile range: 2\u20136) months previously. After dose 1, individuals with moderate (bedridden) to severe (hospitalized) COVID-19 who received BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or ChAdox1-S vaccines had higher odds of a health event preventing daily activities, resulting in work absenteeism or requiring medical consultation (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 3.96 [3.67\u20134.28] for BNT162b2, 5.01 [4.57\u20135.50] for mRNA-1273, and 1.84 [1.54\u20132.20] for ChAdox1-S compared with no infection). Following dose 2 and 3, the greater risk associated with previous infection was also present but was attenuated compared with dose 1. For all doses, the association was lower or absent after mild or asymptomatic infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults with moderate or severe previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to have a health event sufficient to impact routine activities or require medical assessment in the week following each vaccine dose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T07:37:25Z","timestamp":1667201845000},"page":"1088-1102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Adverse Events Following Immunization With mRNA and Viral Vector Vaccines in Individuals With Previous Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection From the Canadian National Vaccine Safety Network"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Julie A","family":"Bettinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Irvine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hennady P","family":"Shulha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Valiquette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew P","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Unity Health Toronto , Toronto , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Otto G","family":"Vanderkooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James D","family":"Kellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina A","family":"Top","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University , Halifax , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Sadarangani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"McGeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinai Health System and University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Isenor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University , Halifax , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Marty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phyumar","family":"Soe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute , Vancouver , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaston","family":"De Serres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval , Quebec City , Canada"},{"name":"Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec , Quebec City , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the Canadian Immunization Research Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023032201031199300_","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4063","article-title":"Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection","volume":"371","author":"Dan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e185","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab999","article-title":"Duration of SARS-CoV-2 natural immunity and protection against the Delta variant: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2705.210191","article-title":"Genomic evidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection involving E484K spike mutation, Brazil","volume":"27","author":"Nonaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn4947","article-title":"Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa","author":"Pulliam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030422","article-title":"Antibody response to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in subjects with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"13","author":"Gobbi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabi6950","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abi6950","article-title":"Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 na\u00efve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination","volume":"6","author":"Goel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778243","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.778243","article-title":"Previous COVID-19 infection and antibody levels after vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01325-6","article-title":"Antibody responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2","volume":"27","author":"Ebinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine","volume":"384","author":"Baden","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32661-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK","volume":"397","author":"Voysey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3390\/life11030249","article-title":"Self-Reported real-world safety and reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines: a vaccine recipient survey","volume":"11","author":"Mathioudakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.05.035","article-title":"Previous COVID-19 infection, but not long-COVID, is associated with increased adverse events following BNT162b2\/Pfizer vaccination","volume":"83","author":"Raw","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2101667","article-title":"Antibody responses in seropositive persons after a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine","volume":"384","author":"Krammer","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mjafi.2021.05.011","article-title":"Higher incidence of reported adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) after first dose of COVID-19 vaccine among previously infected health care workers","volume":"77","author":"Joshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.06.054","article-title":"Tolerance of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with a medical history of COVID-19 disease: a case control study","volume":"39","author":"Baldolli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38563","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038563","article-title":"Short and long-term safety of the 2009 AS03-adjuvanted pandemic vaccine","volume":"7","author":"De Serres","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21189","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2015.20.29.21189","article-title":"Successful methodology for large-scale surveillance of severe events following influenza vaccination in Canada, 2011 and 2012","volume":"20","author":"Bettinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","volume-title":"Rapport final de surveillance de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la vaccination des jeunes de 20 ans et moins contre le m\u00e9ningocoque de s\u00e9rogroupe B au Saguenay\u2013Lac-Saint-Jean","author":"De Serres","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.03.018","article-title":"Investigating the association of receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine with occurrence of anesthesia\/paresthesia and severe headaches, Canada 2012\/13\u20132016\/17, the Canadian Vaccine Safety Network","volume":"38","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e051254","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-051254","article-title":"The Canadian National Vaccine Safety Network: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation among individuals immunised with the COVID-19 vaccine, a cohort study in Canada","volume":"12","author":"Bettinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050051","article-title":"A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people","volume":"173","author":"Rockwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","author":"National Advisory Committee on Immunization","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01325-6","article-title":"Antibody responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2","volume":"27","author":"Ebinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Med"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.03.025","article-title":"Reactogenicity, safety and antibody response, after one and two doses of mRNA-1273 in seronegative and seropositive healthcare workers","volume":"83","author":"Tr\u00e9-Hardy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.11.090","article-title":"Prior COVID-19 infection is associated with increased adverse events (AEs) after the first, but not the second, dose of the BNT162b2\/Pfizer vaccine","volume":"40","author":"Raw","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e117","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir500","article-title":"Comparative long-term adverse effects elicited by invasive group B and C meningococcal infections","volume":"53","author":"Gottfredsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3181a86671","article-title":"How accurate are self-reports? Analysis of self-reported health care utilization and absence when compared with administrative data","volume":"51","author":"Short","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"2023032201031199300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3726","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.34369","article-title":"Consumer reporting of adverse events following immunization","volume":"10","author":"Clothier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/cid\/ciac852\/47262658\/ciac852.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/76\/6\/1088\/49587611\/ciac852.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/76\/6\/1088\/49587611\/ciac852.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T18:20:43Z","timestamp":1701282043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/76\/6\/1088\/6780916"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciac852","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]}}}