{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T09:08:07Z","timestamp":1785229687340,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA016359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA016359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010900","name":"Yale Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010900","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) occurs at higher rates among persons with HIV (PWH). This study compares the impact of sociodemographic and clinicopathologic characteristics on outcomes among PWH-HNSCC compared with HNSCC patients without HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient data from HNSCC individuals were collected at a single academic hospital center between 2002 and 2018. Forty-eight patients with HIV (HIV-HNSCC) and 2894 HNSCC patients without HIV were included. Multivariate analysis determined predictors of survival using Cox proportional hazards regression model. HIV-positive and -negative tumors were analyzed by quantitative immunofluorescence for expression of CD4, CD8, CD20 and PD-L1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV-HNSCC patients had a lower median overall survival than HNSCC patients without HIV (34 [18\u201384] vs 94 [86\u2013103] months; P &amp;lt; .001). In multivariate analysis that included age, sex, race\/ethnicity, stage, site, tobacco use, time to treatment initiation, and insurance status, HIV was an independent predictor of poorer survival, with a hazard ratio of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.32\u20132.97; P &amp;lt; .001). PWH with human papillomavirus (HPV)\u2013positive oropharyngeal tumors also had worse prognosis than HPV-positive oropharyngeal tumors in the population without HIV (P &amp;lt; .001). The tumor microenvironment among HIV-HNSCC patients revealed lower intratumoral CD8 infiltration among HIV+ HPV+ tumors compared with HIV\u2013 HPV+ tumors (P = .04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV-HNSCC patients had worse prognosis than the non-HIV population, with HIV being an independent predictor of poor clinical outcomes when accounting for important sociodemographic and clinicopathologic factors. Our findings highlight differences in tumor biology that require further detailed characterization in large cohorts and increased inclusion of PWH in immunotherapy trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T22:40:08Z","timestamp":1670971208000},"page":"1449-1458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Human Immunodeficiency Virus Is Associated With Poor Overall Survival Among Patients With Head and Neck Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Syim","family":"Salahuddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oded","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Soroka Medical 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Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saral","family":"Mehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendell G","family":"Yarbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\/Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina , USA"},{"name":"Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brinda","family":"Emu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , 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