{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:32:05Z","timestamp":1788517925053,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1111236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1111236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1116751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1116751"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Stunting affects &gt;20% of children &lt;5 years old worldwide and disproportionately impacts underserved communities. The Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study examined the association between an episode of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and the risk of subsequent stunting in children &lt;5 years living in 3 sub-Saharan African countries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n In this prospective, matched, case-control study among children &lt;5 years, data were collected over 36 months from 2 groups. \u201cChildren with MSD\u201d visited a health center within 7 days of illness onset experiencing \u22653 loose stools\/day plus sunken eyes, poor skin turgor, dysentery, intravenous rehydration, or hospitalization. \u201cChildren without MSD\u201d were enrolled from the community within 14 days of the index MSD child; they were diarrhea-free during the previous 7 days and were matched to the index case by age, sex, and residence. Using generalized linear mixed-effects models, we estimated the effect of an MSD episode on odds of being stunted, defined as height-for-age z-scores &lt;\u22122, at a follow-up visit 2\u20133 months post-enrollment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The proportion of stunting at enrollment was similar when 4603 children with MSD and 5976 children without MSD were compared (21.8% vs 21.3%; P = .504). Among children not stunted at enrollment, those with MSD had 30% higher odds of being stunted at follow-up than children without MSD after controlling for age, sex, study site, and socioeconomic status (adjusted OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.62: P = .018).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Children &lt;5 years in sub-Saharan Africa without stunting experienced an increased likelihood of stunting during 2\u20133 months following an episode of MSD. Strategies for control of early childhood diarrhea should be integrated into programs intended to reduce childhood stunting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T13:58:38Z","timestamp":1681912718000},"page":"S41-S48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea and Stunting Among Children Younger Than 5 Years: Findings From the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Dilruba","family":"Nasrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines Gonzalez","family":"Casanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samba O","family":"Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre pour le D\u00e9veloppement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali) , Bamako , Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Jahangir","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Omore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research , Kisumu , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doh","family":"Sanogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre pour le D\u00e9veloppement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali) , Bamako , Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boubou","family":"Tamboura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre pour le D\u00e9veloppement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD-Mali) , Bamako , Mali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed M A","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joquina Chiquita M","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex O","family":"Awuor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research , Kisumu , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene N","family":"Kasumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B","family":"Ochieng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Center for Global Health Research , Kisumu , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Badji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R","family":"Verani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc-Alain","family":"Widdowson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Roose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie P","family":"Jamka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon M","family":"Tennant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , 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