{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:18:26Z","timestamp":1790223506106,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006057","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) have increased cardiovascular risk. Higher leukocyte count has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) events in the general population. It is unknown whether the leukocyte-CAD association also applies to PWH.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a case-control study nested within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, we obtained uni- and multivariable odds ratios (OR) for CAD events, based on traditional and HIV-related CAD risk factors, leukocyte count, and confounders previously associated with leukocyte count.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 536 cases with a first CAD event (2000\u20132021; median age, 56 years; 87% male; 84% with suppressed HIV RNA) and 1464 event-free controls. Cases had higher latest leukocyte count before CAD event than controls (median [interquartile range], 6495 [5300\u20137995] vs 5900 [4910\u20137200]; P &amp;lt; .01), but leukocytosis (&amp;gt;11 000\/\u00b5L) was uncommon (4.3% vs 2.1%; P = .01). In the highest versus lowest leukocyte quintile at latest time point before CAD event, participants had univariable CAD-OR = 2.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.63\u20133.15) and multivariable adjusted CAD-OR = 1.59 (1.09\u20132.30). For comparison, univariable CAD-OR for dyslipidemia, diabetes, and recent abacavir exposure were 1.58 (1.29\u20131.93), 2.19 (1.59\u20133.03), and 1.73 (1.37\u20132.17), respectively. Smoking and, to a lesser degree, alcohol and ethnicity attenuated the leukocyte-CAD association. Leukocytes measured up to 8 years before the event were significantly associated with CAD events.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PWH in Switzerland with higher leukocyte counts have an independently increased risk of CAD events, to a degree similar to traditional and HIV-related risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T05:14:48Z","timestamp":1674278088000},"page":"1969-1979","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Leukocyte Count and Coronary Artery Disease Events in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Emma F","family":"Avery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Service, Kantonsspital Baselland, University of Basel , Bruderholz , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia N","family":"Kleynhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Service, Kantonsspital Baselland, University of Basel , Bruderholz , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Ledergerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella C","family":"Schoepf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Service, Kantonsspital Baselland, University of Basel , Bruderholz , Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of 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