{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T07:13:56Z","timestamp":1787037236735,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005224","name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005224","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants focuses on initial symptomatology with limited longer-term data. We characterized prevalences of prolonged symptoms 3 months post\u2013SARS-CoV-2 infection across 3 variant time-periods (pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter prospective cohort study of adults with acute illness tested for SARS-CoV-2 compared fatigue severity, fatigue symptoms, organ system\u2013based symptoms, and \u22653 symptoms across variants among participants with a positive (\u201cCOVID-positive\u201d) or negative SARS-CoV-2 test (\u201cCOVID-negative\u201d) at 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 testing. Variant periods were defined by dates with \u226550% dominant strain. We performed multivariable logistic regression modeling to estimate independent effects of variants adjusting for sociodemographics, baseline health, and vaccine status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 2402 COVID-positive and 821 COVID-negative participants. Among COVID-positives, 463 (19.3%) were pre-Delta, 1198 (49.9%) Delta, and 741 (30.8%) Omicron. The pre-Delta COVID-positive cohort exhibited more prolonged severe fatigue (16.7% vs 11.5% vs 12.3%; P = .017) and presence of \u22653 prolonged symptoms (28.4% vs 21.7% vs 16.0%; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with the Delta and Omicron cohorts. No differences were seen in the COVID-negatives across time-periods. In multivariable models adjusted for vaccination, severe fatigue and odds of having \u22653 symptoms were no longer significant across variants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prolonged symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection were more common among participants infected during pre-Delta than with Delta and Omicron; however, these differences were no longer significant after adjusting for vaccination status, suggesting a beneficial effect of vaccination on risk of long-term symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04610515.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T07:54:00Z","timestamp":1674806040000},"page":"1930-1941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Severe Fatigue and Persistent Symptoms at 3 Months Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections During the Pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron Time Periods: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3276-8375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5382-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralph 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