{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:50:25Z","timestamp":1793299825848,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["10430012010025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10430012010025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRF1193727"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRF1193727"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Severe fatigue following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is prevalent and debilitating. This study investigated the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for severe fatigue following COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A multicenter, 2-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Netherlands with patients being severely fatigued 3\u201312 months following COVID-19. Patients (N = 114) were randomly assigned (1:1) to CBT or care as usual (CAU). CBT, targeting perpetuating factors of fatigue, was provided for 17 weeks. The primary outcome was the overall mean difference between CBT and CAU on the fatigue severity subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength, directly post-CBT or CAU (T1), and after 6 months (T2). Secondary outcomes were differences in proportions of patients meeting criteria for severe and\/or chronic fatigue, differences in physical and social functioning, somatic symptoms, and problems concentrating between CBT and CAU.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Patients were mainly nonhospitalized and self-referred. Patients who received CBT were significantly less severely fatigued across follow-up assessments than patients receiving CAU (\u22128.8 [95% confidence interval {CI}, \u221211.9 to \u22125.8]); P &lt; .001), representing a medium Cohen's d effect size (0.69). The between-group difference in fatigue severity was present at T1 (\u22129.3 [95% CI, \u221213.3 to \u22125.3]) and T2 (\u22128.4 [95% CI, \u221213.1 to \u22123.7]). All secondary outcomes favored CBT. Eight adverse events were recorded during CBT, and 20 during CAU. No serious adverse events were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Among patients, who were mainly nonhospitalized and self-referred, CBT was effective in reducing fatigue. The positive effect was sustained at 6-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n Netherlands Trial Register NL8947.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T18:53:52Z","timestamp":1683572032000},"page":"687-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Targeting Severe Fatigue Following Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1081-7025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja A","family":"Kuut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Csorba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Braamse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 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E","family":"Geerlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Infection and immunity, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine B","family":"Gibney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne, 3000 Victoria , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, 3000 Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A A","family":"Kanaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Health , Heidelberg, 3084 Victoria , 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Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Prins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Infection and immunity, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam , 1018 WT Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kitty","family":"Slieker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Bernhoven Hospital , 5406 PT Uden , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"van Vugt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , 1105 AZ Amsterdam , The 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