{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T09:27:00Z","timestamp":1782552420767,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hospitalization burden related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is substantial. We sought to describe temporal trends in hospitalization rates before and after release of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed 2000\u20132019 data from adults aged \u226518 years in the National Inpatient Sample. Hospitalizations were HCV-related if (1) hepatitis C was the primary diagnosis, or (2) hepatitis C was any secondary diagnosis with a liver-related primary diagnosis. We analyzed characteristics of HCV-related hospitalizations nationally and examined trends in age-adjusted hospitalization rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During 2000\u20132019, there were an estimated 1 286 397 HCV-related hospitalizations in the United States. The annual age-adjusted hospitalization rate was lowest in 2019 (18.7\/100 000 population) and highest in 2012 (29.6\/100 000 population). Most hospitalizations occurred among persons aged 45\u201364 years (71.8%), males (67.1%), White non-Hispanic persons (60.5%), and Medicaid\/Medicare recipients (64.0%). The national age-adjusted hospitalization rate increased during 2000\u20132003 (annual percentage change [APC], 9.4%; P &amp;lt; .001) and 2003\u20132013 (APC, 1.8%; P &amp;lt; .001) before decreasing during 2013\u20132019 (APC, \u22127.6%; P &amp;lt; .001). Comparing 2000 to 2019, the largest increases in hospitalization rates occurred among persons aged 55\u201364 years (132.9%), Medicaid recipients (41.6%), and Black non-Hispanic persons (22.3%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although multiple factors likely contributed, overall HCV-related hospitalization rates declined steadily after 2013, coinciding with the release of DAAs. However, the declines were not observed equally among age, race\/ethnicity, or insurance categories. Expanded access to DAA treatment is needed, particularly among Medicaid and Medicare recipients, to reduce disparities and morbidity and eliminate hepatitis C as a public health threat.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T18:56:39Z","timestamp":1689706599000},"page":"1668-1675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Temporal Trends in Hepatitis C\u2013Related Hospitalizations, United States, 2000\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9186-1687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan G","family":"Hofmeister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuna","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne C","family":"Moorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina R","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyasu H","family":"Teshale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip R","family":"Spradling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 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